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The ELT will provide groundbreaking science across a wide range of areas, including small habitable-zone exoplanets; however, true Earth analogs in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars are generally beyond the reach even of the ELT, due to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 Markus Janson , Enric Palle , Thomas Henning , Sascha Quanz , Lars Buchhave , Alexis Brandeker

One of the key-points for the future developments of the multiconjugate adaptive optics for the astronomy is the availability of the correction for a large fraction of the sky. The sky coverage represents one of the limits of the existing…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Carmelo Arcidiacono , Emiliano Diolaiti , Roberto Ragazzoni , Jacopo Farinato , Elise Vernet

Valuable insights into galaxy evolution can be gleaned from studies of resolved stellar populations in the local Universe. Deep photometric surveys have provided tracers of the star-formation histories in galaxies from 0.8-16 Mpc, but…

Global MCAO aims to exploit a very wide technical field of view to find AO-suitable NGSs, with the goal to increase the overall sky coverage. The concept foresees the use of numerical entities, called Virtual Deformable Mirrors, to deal…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-02 Valentina Viotto , Elisa Portaluri , Roberto Ragazzoni , Carmelo Arcidiacono , Maria Bergomi , Marco Dima , Jacopo Farinato , Davide Greggio , Demetrio Magrin

(Abridged) We consider the scientific case for a large aperture (10-12m class) optical spectroscopic survey telescope with a field of view comparable to that of LSST. Such a facility could enable transformational progress in several areas…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-10 Richard S. Ellis , Joss Bland-Hawthorn , Malcolm Bremer , Jarle Brinchmann , Luigi Guzzo , Johan Richard , Hans-Walter Rix , Eline Tolstoy , Darach Watson

MICADO is the Multi-AO Imaging Camera for Deep Observations, and it will be one of the first light instruments of the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). Doing high precision multi-object differential astrometry behind ELT is particularly…

Mapping of the large-scale structure through cosmic time has numerous applications in the studies of cosmology and galaxy evolution. At $z > 2$, the structure can be traced by the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) by way of observing the…

Establishing accurate morphological measurements of galaxies in a reasonable amount of time for future big-data surveys such as EUCLID, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope or the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope is a challenge. Because…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-14 D. Tuccillo , M. Huertas-Company , E. Decenciere , S. Velasco-Forero

As plans for the construction of third-generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors advance, research into strongly lensed GWs has become increasingly critical. It is anticipated that hundreds of multi-image lensed GWs will be detected…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Youkai Li , Kai Liao , Mingqi Sun , Lilan Yang , Xuheng Ding , Marek Biesiada , Tonghua Liu

LAGO, the Latin American Giant Observatory, is an extended cosmic ray observatory, consisting of a wide network of water Cherenkov detectors located in 10 countries. With different altitudes and geomagnetic rigidity cutoffs, their…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-07 Antonio Juan Rubio-Montero , Raúl Pagán-Muñoz , Rafael Mayo-García , Alfonso Pardo-Diaz , Iván Sidelnik , Hernán Asorey

Strong gravitational lensing enables a wide range of science: probing cosmography; testing dark matter models; understanding galaxy evolution; and magnifying the faint, small and distant Universe. However to date exploiting strong lensing…

The next generation of multi-object spectrographs (MOS) will deliver comprehensive surveys of the Galaxy, Magellanic Clouds and nearby dwarfs. These will provide us with the vast samples, spanning the full extent of the Hertzsprung-Russell…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 C. J. Evans

In the domain of scientific imaging, interpreting visual data often demands an intricate combination of human expertise and deep comprehension of the subject materials. This study presents a novel methodology to linguistically emulate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Abdulelah S. Alshehri , Franklin L. Lee , Shihu Wang

The overlap of galaxy surveys and CMB experiments presents an ideal opportunity for joint cosmological dataset analyses. In this paper we develop a halo-model-based method for the first joint analysis combining these two experiments using…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-11 Xiao Fang , Elisabeth Krause , Tim Eifler , Simone Ferraro , Karim Benabed , Pranjal R. S. , Emma Ayçoberry , Yohan Dubois , Vivian Miranda

Over the past 18 months we have revisited the science requirements for a multi-object spectrograph (MOS) for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). These efforts span the full range of E-ELT science and include input from a broad…

We discuss the future possibilities for extragalactic star cluster research with the expected new ground-based and space-based telescopes and instrumentation. Significant gains are expected due to improved angular resolution, sensitivity,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 John S. Gallagher , Eva K. Grebel

Modern radio telescope surveys, capable of detecting billions of galaxies in wide-field surveys, have made manual morphological classification impracticable. This applies in particular when the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-09 Philipp Denzel , Manuel Weiss , Elena Gavagnin , Frank-Peter Schilling

The Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) is a unique telescope featuring two co-mounted optical trains with 8.4m primary mirrors. The telescope Adaptive Optics (AO) system uses two innovative key components, namely an adaptive secondary mirror…

Several Wide Field of view Adaptive Optics (WFAO) concepts like Multi-Conjugate AO (MCAO), Multi-Object AO (MOAO) or Ground-Layer AO (GLAO) are currently studied for the next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). All these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 B. Neichel , T. Fusco , J. -M. Conan