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Motor systems show an overall robustness, but because they are highly nonlinear, understanding how they achieve robustness is difficult. In many rhythmic systems, robustness against perturbations involves response of both the shape and the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-18 Yangyang Wang , Jeffrey P. Gill , Hillel J. Chiel , Peter J. Thomas

Passive elastic elements can contribute to stability, energetic efficiency, and impact absorption in both biological and robotic systems. They also add dynamical complexity which makes them more challenging to model and control. The impact…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Ali Marjaninejad , Jie Tan , Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas

In this work, we investigate the use of pre-twisted metallic ribbons as building blocks for shape-changing structures. We manufacture these elements by twisting initially flat ribbons about their (lengthwise) centroidal axis into a…

Invertible logic can operate in one of two modes: 1) a forward mode, in which inputs are presented and a single, correct output is produced, and 2) a reverse mode, in which the output is fixed and the inputs take on values consistent with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sean C. Smithson , Naoya Onizawa , Brett H. Meyer , Warren J. Gross , Takahiro Hanyu

This paper explores the concept of reflexive actuation, examining how robots may leverage both internal and external stimuli to trigger changes in the motion, performance, or physical characteristics of the robot, such as its size, shape,…

Probabilistic computers replace logic gates with networks of interacting random variables, creating bidirectional systems that can back-derive inputs from outputs. Such architectures enable efficient generation of random samples,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Shreyes Nallan , Jian-Gang Zhu

In this paper, we propose a concept learning architecture that enables a robot to build symbols through self-exploration by interacting with a varying number of objects. Our aim is to allow a robot to learn concepts without constraints,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Alper Ahmetoglu , Erhan Oztop , Emre Ugur

We create mechanical metamaterials whose response to uniaxial compression can be programmed by lateral confinement, allowing monotonic, non-monotonic and hysteretic behavior. These functionalities arise from a broken rotational symmetry…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-22 Bastiaan Florijn , Corentin Coulais , Martin van Hecke

Musculoskeletal robots provide superior advantages in flexibility and dexterity, positioning them as a promising frontier towards embodied intelligence. However, current research is largely confined to relative simple tasks, restricting the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wentao Zhao , Jun Guo , Kangyao Huang , Xin Liu , Huaping Liu

This work establishes a solution to the problem of assessing the capacity of multi-object assemblies to withstand external forces without becoming unstable. Our physically-grounded approach handles arbitrary structures made from rigid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Philippe Nadeau , Jonathan Kelly

Artificial neural networks used for reinforcement learning are structurally rigid, meaning that each optimized parameter of the network is tied to its specific placement in the network structure. It also means that a network only works with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Joachim Winther Pedersen , Erwan Plantec , Eleni Nisioti , Milton Montero , Sebastian Risi

Knowledge from animals and humans inspires robotic innovations. Numerous efforts have been made to achieve agile locomotion in quadrupedal robots through classical controllers or reinforcement learning approaches. These methods usually rely…

In this study, we evaluate the performance of three algorithms as computational models of trabecular bone architecture, through systematic evaluation of morphometric, topological, and mechanical properties. Here, we consider the widely-used…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-11-24 Mahtab Vafaeefar , Kevin M. Moerman , Majid Kavousi , Ted J. Vaughan

In biological systems, both skin sensitivity and body flexibility play crucial roles in haptic perception. Fully soft robots often suffer from structural fragility and delayed sensory processing, limiting their practical functionality. The…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Kazashi Nakano , Katsuma Inoue , Yasuo Kuniyoshi , Kohei Nakajima

Soft electronics have recently gathered considerable interest thanks to their bio-mechanical compatibility. An important feature of such deformable conductors is their electrical response to strain. While development of stretchable…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-14 Louis Martin-Monier , Pierre-Luc Piveteau , Fabien Sorin

This work introduces the Monolithic Unit (MU), an actuator-lattice-sensor building block for soft robotics. The MU integrates pneumatic actuation, a compliant lattice envelope, and candidate sites for optical waveguide sensing into a single…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Trevor Exley , Anderson Brazil Nardin , Petr Trunin , Diana Cafiso , Lucia Beccai

Garments with the ability to provide kinesthetic force-feedback on-demand can augment human capabilities in a non-obtrusive way, enabling numerous applications in VR haptics, motion assistance, and robotic control. However, designing such…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Velko Vechev , Ronan Hinchet , Stelian Coros , Bernhard Thomaszewski , Otmar Hilliges

We present a computational design system that assists users to model, optimize, and fabricate quad-robots with soft skins.Our system addresses the challenging task of predicting their physical behavior by fully integrating the multibody…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Xudong Feng , Jiafeng Liu , Huamin Wang , Yin Yang , Hujun Bao , Bernd Bickel , Weiwei Xu

Replicating and surpassing the autonomy of natural organisms remains a long-standing goal in robotics. Yet most robotic systems have their structure, materials, and control designed separately, in sharp contrast to the co-evolution in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Qinsong Guo , Liwei Wang

Inspired by the vertebrate branch of the animal kingdom, articulated soft robots are robotic systems embedding elastic elements into a classic rigid (skeleton-like) structure. Leveraging on their bodies elasticity, soft robots promise to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Cosimo Della Santina , Dominic Lakatos , Antonio Bicchi , Alin Albu-Schäffer