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For robots to become more versatile and expand their areas of application, their bodies need to be suitable for contact with the environment. When the human body comes into contact with the environment, it is possible for it to continue to…

The miniaturization of machines towards the micron and nanoscales requires the development of joint-like elements that enable and constrain motion. We present a facile method to create colloidal joints, that is, anisotropic colloidal…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-10-14 Indrani Chakraborty , Vera Meester , Casper van der Wel , Daniela J Kraft

Materials that behave like machines, e.g. functional materials that are able to change shape in response to external stimuli (Bhattacharya and James, 2005), often do so by exploiting phase transitions. Shape memory materials and the tail…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-03-13 Matthew P. O'Donnell , Jonathan P. Stacey , Isaac V. Chenchiah , Alberto Pirrera

High-throughput characterization of architected materials across a wide range of length scales enables rapid screening of topologies for engineering applications. Scaled-down specimens manufactured and evaluated in laboratory environments…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-05 Vatsa Gandhi , Rishi Kommalapati , Carlos M. Portela , Vikram Deshpande

Soft materials have many important roles in animal locomotion and object manipulation. In robotic applications soft materials can store and release energy, absorb impacts, increase compliance and increase the range of possible shape…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Vishesh Vikas , Paul Templeton , Barry Trimmer

Traditional robotic mechanisms contain a series of rigid links connected by rotational joints that provide powered motion, all of which is controlled by a central processor. By contrast, analogous mechanisms found in nature, such as octopus…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Anurag Bhattacharyya , Jin-Young Kim , Lee R. Alacoque , Kai A. James

Classical rigid-bodied robotic systems are presented with proven success in theoretical development and industrial applications, are recently challenged by the emergence of soft robotics due to a growing need in physical human-robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yaohui Chen , Sing Le , Qiao Chu Tan , Oscar Lau , Fang Wan , Chaoyang Song

Active matter physics and swarm robotics have provided powerful tools for the study and control of ensembles driven by internal sources. At the macroscale, controlling swarms typically utilizes significant memory, processing power, and…

Colloidal molecules are ideal model systems for mimicking real molecules and can serve as versatile building blocks for the bottom-up self-assembly of flexible and smart materials. While most colloidal molecules are rigid objects, the…

Soft machines display shape adaptation to external circumstances due to their intrinsic compliance. To achieve increasingly more responsive behaviors upon interactions without relying on centralized computation, embodying memory directly in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-29 Alberto Comoretto , Tanaya Mandke , Johannes T. B. Overvelde

Equipping robotic systems with the capacity to generate $\textit{ex novo}$ hardware during operation extends control of physical adaptability. Unlike modular systems that rely on discrete component integration pre- or post-deployment, we…

As soft robot design matures, researchers have converged to sophisticated design paradigms to enable the development of more suitable platforms. Two such paradigms are soft-rigid hybrid robots, which utilize rigid structural materials in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zach J. Patterson , Emily R. Sologuren , Daniela Rus

Responding mechanically to environmental requests, muscles show a surprisingly large variety of functions. The studies of in vivo cycling muscles qualified skeletal muscles into four principal locomotor patterns: motor, brake, strut, and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2009-09-09 Valery B. Kokshenev

The ability of robots to navigate through doors is crucial for their effective operation in indoor environments. Consequently, extensive research has been conducted to develop robots capable of opening specific doors. However, the diverse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Gyuree Kang , Hyunki Seong , Daegyu Lee , D. Hyunchul Shim

Colloidal molecules are designed to mimic their molecular analogues through their anisotropic shape and interactions. However, current experimental realizations are missing the structural flexibility present in real molecules thereby…

Robots deployed at orders of magnitude different size scales, and that retain the same desired behavior at any of those scales, would greatly expand the environments in which the robots could operate. However it is currently not known…

From the complex motions of robots to the oxygen binding of hemoglobin, the function of many mechanical systems depends on large, coordinated movements of their components. Such movements arise from a network of physical interactions in the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-21 Jason Z. Kim , Zhixin Lu , Danielle S. Bassett

There is a growing need for robots that can change their shape, size and mechanical properties to adapt to evolving tasks and environments. However, current shape-changing systems generally utilize bespoke, system-specific mechanisms that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Niklas Hagemann , Daniela Rus

In Human-Robot Collaboration, the robot operates in a highly dynamic environment. Thus, it is pivotal to guarantee the robust stability of the system during the interaction but also a high flexibility of the robot behavior in order to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Federico Benzi , Cristian Secchi

Model-based control usually relies on an accurate model, which is often obtained from CAD and actuator models. The more accurate the model the better the control performance. However, in bipedal robots that demonstrate high agility actions,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Bolun Dai