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We introduce the problem of transporting vector-valued distributions. In this, a salient feature is that mass may flow between vectorial entries as well as across space (discrete or continuous). The theory relies on a first step taken to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-19 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Allen Tannenbaum

We present an optimal mass transport framework on the space of Gaussian mixture models, which are widely used in statistical inference. Our method leads to a natural way to compare, interpolate and average Gaussian mixture models.…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-01 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Allen Tannenbaum

In many applications such as color image processing, data has more than one piece of information associated with each spatial coordinate, and in such cases the classical optimal mass transport (OMT) must be generalized to handle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Ernest K. Ryu , Yongxin Chen , Wuchen Li , Stanley Osher

Machine learning systems operate under the assumption that training and test data are sampled from a fixed probability distribution. However, this assumptions is rarely verified in practice, as the conditions upon which data was acquired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Eduardo Fernandes Montesuma , Fred Maurice Ngolè Mboula , Antoine Souloumiac

We present an efficient algorithm for recent generalizations of optimal mass transport theory to matrix-valued and vector-valued densities. These generalizations lead to several applications including diffusion tensor imaging, color images…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Yongxin Chen , Eldad Haber , Kaoru Yamamoto , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Allen Tannenbaum

Optimal transport has found widespread applications in signal processing and machine learning. Among its many equivalent formulations, optimal transport seeks to reconstruct a random variable/vector with a prescribed distribution at the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jun Chen , Jia Wang , Ruibin Li , Han Zhou , Wei Dong , Huan Liu , Yuanhao Yu

In this paper we propose a gauge-theoretic approach to the problems of optimal mass transport for vector and matrix densities. This resolves both the issues of positivity and action transitivity constraints. Bures-type metrics on the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Boris Khesin , Klas Modin

We investigate the link between regularised self-transport problems and maximum likelihood estimation in Gaussian mixture models (GMM). This link suggests that self-transport followed by a clustering technique leads to principled estimators…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Gilles Mordant

We introduce a concept of optimal transport for vector-valued measures and its dual formulation. In this note we concentrate on the semi-discrete case and show some fundamental differences between the scalar and vector cases. A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Shlomi Gover , Gershon Wolansky

A mixture of variance-gamma distributions is introduced and developed for model-based clustering and classification. The latest in a growing line of non-Gaussian mixture approaches to clustering and classification, the proposed mixture of…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-30 Sharon M. McNicholas , Paul D. McNicholas , Ryan P. Browne

A distributional route to Gaussianity, associated with the concept of Conservative Mixing Transformations in ensembles of random vector-valued variables, is proposed. This route is completely different from the additive mechanism…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-11 Massimiliano Giona , Chiara Pezzotti , Giuseppe Procopio

We consider the optimal transport problem between multivariate Gaussian stationary stochastic processes. The transportation effort is the variance of the filtered discrepancy process. The main contribution of this technical note is to show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Mattia Zorzi

Gaussian mixtures are widely used for approximating density functions in various applications such as density estimation, belief propagation, and Bayesian filtering. These applications often utilize Gaussian mixtures as initial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-18 Qiong Zhang , Archer Gong Zhang , Jiahua Chen

We formulate an optimal transport problem for matrix-valued density functions. This is pertinent in the spectral analysis of multivariable time-series. The "mass" represents energy at various frequencies whereas, in addition to a usual…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-04-16 Lipeng Ning , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Allen Tannenbaum

Optimal mass transport, also known as the earth mover's problem, is an optimization problem with important applications in various disciplines, including economics, probability theory, fluid dynamics, cosmology and geophysics to cite a few.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Said Kerrache , Yasushi Nakauchi

Optimal transport has recently started to be successfully employed to define misfit or loss functions in inverse problems. However, it is a problem intrinsically defined for positive (probability) measures and therefore strategies are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Gabriele Todeschi , Ludovic Métivier , Jean-Marie Mirebeau

A variation principle for mass transport in solids is derived that recasts transport coefficients as minima of local thermodynamic average quantities. The result is independent of diffusion mechanism, and applies to amorphous and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-05 Dallas R. Trinkle

Several problems in machine learning are naturally expressed as the design and analysis of time-evolving probability distributions. This includes sampling via diffusion methods, optimizing the weights of neural networks, and analyzing the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Gabriel Peyré

The vector quantization is a widely used method to map continuous representation to discrete space and has important application in tokenization for generative mode, bottlenecking information and many other tasks in machine learning. Vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Mingyuan Yan , Jiawei Wu , Rushi Shah , Dianbo Liu

Optimal Transport is a foundational mathematical theory that connects optimization, partial differential equations, and probability. It offers a powerful framework for comparing probability distributions and has recently become an important…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-13 Gabriel Peyré
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