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Related papers: Elliptic modular graph forms I: Identities and gen…

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Elliptic modular graph forms (eMGFs) are non-holomorphic modular forms depending on a modular parameter $\tau$ of a torus and marked points $z$ thereon. Traditionally, eMGFs are constructed from nested lattice sums over the discrete momenta…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-24 Martijn Hidding , Oliver Schlotterer , Bram Verbeek

The low-energy expansion of genus-one string amplitudes produces infinite families of non-holomorphic modular forms after each step of integrating over a point on the torus worldsheet which are known as elliptic modular graph forms (eMGFs).…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-18 Oliver Schlotterer , Yoann Sohnle , Yi-Xiao Tao

Modular graph forms (MGFs) are a class of non-holomorphic modular forms which naturally appear in the low-energy expansion of closed-string genus-one amplitudes and have generated considerable interest from pure mathematicians. MGFs satisfy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-26 Jan E. Gerken

We study generating series of torus integrals that contain all so-called modular graph forms relevant for massless one-loop closed-string amplitudes. By analysing the differential equation of the generating series we construct a solution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Jan E. Gerken , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

The low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes at genus one introduces infinite families of non-holomorphic modular forms called modular graph forms. Their differential and number-theoretic properties motivated Brown's…

In earlier work we studied features of non-holomorphic modular functions associated with Feynman graphs for a conformal scalar field theory on a two-dimensional torus with zero external momenta at all vertices. Such functions, which we will…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-30 Eric D'Hoker , Michael B. Green , Omer Gurdogan , Pierre Vanhove

Modular graph functions are $SL(2,{\mathbb Z})$-invariant functions associated with Feynman graphs of a two-dimensional conformal field theory on a torus of modulus $\tau$. For one-loop graphs they reduce to real analytic Eisenstein series.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-09 Eric D'Hoker , Justin Kaidi

We consider certain elliptic modular graph functions that arise in the asymptotic expansion around the non--separating node of genus two string invariants that appear in the integrand of the $D^8 R^4$ interaction in the low momentum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Anirban Basu

We study non-holomorphic modular forms built from iterated integrals of holomorphic modular forms for SL$(2,\mathbb Z)$ known as equivariant iterated Eisenstein integrals. A special subclass of them furnishes an equivalent description of…

We define a modular function which is a generalization of the elliptic modular lambda function. We show this function and the modular invariant function generate the modular function field with respect to the principal congruence subgroup.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-21 Noburo Ishii

An explicit construction is presented of homotopy-invariant iterated integrals on a Riemann surface of arbitrary genus in terms of a flat connection valued in a freely generated Lie algebra. The integration kernels consist of modular…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-11 Eric D'Hoker , Martijn Hidding , Oliver Schlotterer

By the theory of Eisenstein series, generating functions of various divisor functions arise as modular forms. It is natural to ask whether further divisor functions arise systematically in the theory of mock modular forms. We establish,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Michael H. Mertens , Ken Ono , Larry Rolen

The elliptic genus (EG) of a compact complex manifold was introduced as a holomorphic Euler characteristic of some formal power series with vector bundle coefficients. EG is an automorphic form in two variables only if the manifold is a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 V. Gritsenko

We continue the analysis of modular invariant functions, subject to inhomogeneous Laplace eigenvalue equations, that were determined in terms of Poincar\'e series in a companion paper. The source term of the Laplace equation is a product of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-09 Daniele Dorigoni , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

A well-known conjecture of Gross and Zagier states that the values of the higher automorphic Green's function at pairs of points with complex multiplication in the upper half-plane are proportional to the logarithm of an algebraic number.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Francis Brown , Tiago J. Fonseca

The concept and the construction of modular graph functions are generalized from genus-one to higher genus surfaces. The integrand of the four-graviton superstring amplitude at genus-two provides a generating function for a special class of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-14 Eric D'Hoker , Michael B. Green , Boris Pioline

We derive new Poincar\'e-series representations for infinite families of non-holomorphic modular invariant functions that include modular graph forms as they appear in the low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes at genus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-09 Daniele Dorigoni , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

Let $X$ be a complex $K3$ surface with an effective action of a group $G$ which preserves the holomorphic symplectic form. Let $$ Z_{X,G}(q) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} e\left(\operatorname{Hilb}^{n}(X)^{G} \right)\, q^{n-1} $$ be the generating…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Jim Bryan , Ádám Gyenge

We introduce a new family of real analytic modular forms on the upper half plane. They are arguably the simplest class of `mixed' versions of modular forms of level one and are constructed out of real and imaginary parts of iterated…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-06 Francis Brown

Modular graph forms are a class of non-holomorphic modular forms that arise in the low-energy expansion of genus-one closed string amplitudes. In this work, we introduce a systematic procedure to convert lattice-sum representations of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-11 Emiel Claasen , Mehregan Doroudiani
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