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Long-baseline interferometry at optical and near-infrared wavelengths is an emerging technology which is quickly becoming a useful tool to investigate stellar atmospheres and to compare observations with models. Stellar atmosphere models…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Markus Wittkowski

Here we will discuss which calibrations are needed, how to perform them and how the calibration affect ALMA observations. This first part concentrates on aspects related to a single antenna, namely antenna pointing (including the antenna…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-09 T. van Kempen , S. Corder , R. Lucas , R. Mauersberger

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), presently under construction, is a revolutionary astronomical interferometer, that will operate at (sub)millimeter wavelengths. With unprecedented sensitivity, resolution, and imaging…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-19 V. Casasola , J. Brand

The knowledge of receiver beam shapes is essential for accurate radio interferometric imaging. Traditionally, this information is obtained by holographic techniques or by numerical simulation. However, such methods are not feasible for an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-19 Sarod Yatawatta

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is currently revolutionizing observational astrophysics. The aperture synthesis technique provides angular resolution otherwise unachievable with the conventional single-aperture…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-06 Łukasz Tychoniec , Fabrizia Guglielmetti , Philipp Arras , Torsten Enßlin , Eric Villard

Once completed, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) will be the most powerful (sub)millimeter interferometer in terms of sensitivity, spatial resolution and imaging. This paper presents the capabilities of ALMA applied to the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 A. Moullet , E. Lellouch , R. Moreno , M. Gurwell

We introduce a novel technique using closure amplitudes, inspired by radio interferometry, to determine with high angular resolution the two-dimensional profile of a light beam using an interferogram from a non-redundantly masked aperture.…

Interferometers offer multiple methods for studying microlensing events and determining the properties of the lenses. We investigate the study of microlensing events with optical interferometers, focusing on narrow-angle astrometry,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Neal Dalal , Benjamin F. Lane

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) offers new diagnostic capabilities for studying the Sun, providing complementary insights through high spatial and temporal resolution at millimeter wavelengths. ALMA acts as a linear…

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is the world's leading instrument for high-resolution imaging of the 0.3 to 10 mm wavelength sky. This interferometer exemplifies successful international collaboration even down to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-12 Tom Bakx , John Conway

The Atacama Large Millimeter-Submillimeter Array (ALMA) has opened a new window for studying the Sun via high-resolution high-sensitivity imaging at millimeter wavelengths. In this contribution I review the capabilities of the instrument…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 Maria Loukitcheva

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) combines large collecting area and location on a high dry site to provide it with unparalleled potential for sensitive millimeter/submillimeter spectral line observations. Its wide…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Alwyn Wootten

Assessing the quality of aperture synthesis maps is relevant for benchmarking image reconstruction algorithms, for the scientific exploitation of data from optical long-baseline interferometers, and for the design/upgrade of new/existing…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-22 Nuno Gomes , Paulo J. V. Garcia , Éric Thiébaut

The ALMA North American and European prototype antennas have been evaluated by a variety of measurement systems to quantify the major performance specifications. Nearfield holography was used to set the reflector surfaces to 17 microns RMS.…

Many aspects of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) instrument are still unknown due to its young age. One such aspect is the true nature of the primary beam of each baseline, and how changes to the individual primary beams affect…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-07 Kara Kundert , Urvashi Rau , Edwin Bergin , Sanjay Bhatnagar

Interferometers require accurate determination of the array configuration in order to produce reliable observations. A method is presented for finding the maximum-likelihood estimate of the telescope geometry, and of other instrumental…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Klaus Maisinger , M. P. Hobson , Richard D. E. Saunders , Keith J. B. Grainge

We present a detailed description of the special procedures for calibration and quality assurance of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) mode. These procedures are…

The increasing volume of papers and proposals that undergo peer review emphasizes the pressing need for greater automation to effectively manage the growing scale. In this study, we present the deployment and evaluation of machine learning…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-20 John M. Carpenter , Andrea Corvillón , Nihar B. Shah

Interferometers play an increasingly important role for spatially resolved observations. If employed at full potential, interferometry can probe an enormous dynamic range in spatial scale. Interpretation of the observed visibilities…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 C. Brinch , C. P. Dullemond