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Fundamental machine learning theory shows that different samples contribute unequally both in learning and testing processes. Contemporary studies on DNN imply that such sample difference is rooted on the distribution of intrinsic pattern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Chi Zhang , Xiaoning Ma , Yu Liu , Le Wang , Yuanqi Su , Yuehu Liu

Deep neural networks have been demonstrated to achieve phenomenal success in many domains, and yet their inner mechanisms are not well understood. In this paper, we investigate the curvature of image manifolds, i.e., the manifold deviation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Ilya Kaufman , Omri Azencot

In the context of classification problems, Deep Learning (DL) approaches represent state of art. Many DL approaches are based on variations of standard multi-layer feed-forward neural networks. These are also referred to as deep networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Andrea Apicella , Francesco Isgrò , Roberto Prevete

We study feature learning in two-layer neural networks within the linear-width regime, where the number of hidden neurons, sample size, and input dimension scale proportionally. While recent work has analyzed feature learning via a single…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 Behrad Moniri , Hamed Hassani

The goal of this paper is to accelerate the training of machine learning models, a critical challenge since the training of large-scale deep neural models can be computationally expensive. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuen Chen , Yian Wang , Hari Sundaram

The choice of batch sizes in minibatch stochastic gradient optimizers is critical in large-scale model training for both optimization and generalization performance. Although large-batch training is arguably the dominant training paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Tim Tsz-Kit Lau , Han Liu , Mladen Kolar

Training a neural network (NN) typically relies on some type of curve-following method, such as gradient descent (GD) (and stochastic gradient descent (SGD)), ADADELTA, ADAM or limited memory algorithms. Convergence for these algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Michael A Kouritzin , Stephen Styles , Beatrice-Helen Vritsiou

Continual learning entails learning a sequence of tasks and balancing their knowledge appropriately. With limited access to old training samples, much of the current work in deep neural networks has focused on overcoming catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Yilin Lyu , Liyuan Wang , Xingxing Zhang , Zicheng Sun , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Liping Jing

Universal approximation serves as the foundation of neural network learning algorithms. However, some networks establish their universal approximation property by demonstrating that the iterative errors converge in probability measure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Han Su , Zhongyan Li , Wanquan Liu

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are difficult to train, and suffer from drop of accuracy. It appears in practice that BNNs fail to train in the absence of Batch Normalization (BatchNorm) layer. We find the main role of BatchNorm is to avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Eyyüb Sari , Mouloud Belbahri , Vahid Partovi Nia

Deep learning has revolutionized the computer vision and image classification domains. In this context Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) based architectures are the most widely applied models. In this article, we introduced two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Seyedsaman Emami , Gonzalo Martínez-Muñoz

Learning rate configuration is a fundamental aspect of modern deep learning. The prevailing practice of applying a uniform learning rate across all layers overlooks the structural heterogeneity of Transformers, potentially limiting their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Di He , Songjun Tu , Keyu Wang , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu

To adapt to real-world data streams, continual learning (CL) systems must rapidly learn new concepts while preserving and utilizing prior knowledge. When it comes to adding new information to continually-trained deep neural networks (DNNs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Md Yousuf Harun , Christopher Kanan

Mini-batch stochastic gradient descent and variants thereof have become standard for large-scale empirical risk minimization like the training of neural networks. These methods are usually used with a constant batch size chosen by simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Lukas Balles , Javier Romero , Philipp Hennig

Neural collapse ($\mathcal{NC}$) is a phenomenon observed in classification tasks where top-layer representations collapse into their class means, which become equinorm, equiangular and aligned with the classifiers. These behaviours --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Robert Wu , Vardan Papyan

Deep neural networks (NNs) encounter scalability limitations when confronted with a vast array of neurons, thereby constraining their achievable network depth. To address this challenge, we propose an integration of tensor networks (TN)…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-08-20 Saeed S. Jahromi , Roman Orus

Recently, segmentation methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) showed promising performance in automatic Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions segmentation. These techniques have even outperformed human experts in controlled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-26 Reda Abdellah Kamraoui , Vinh-Thong Ta , Thomas Tourdias , Boris Mansencal , José V Manjon , Pierrick Coupé

To unveil how the brain learns, ongoing work seeks biologically-plausible approximations of gradient descent algorithms for training recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Yet, beyond task accuracy, it is unclear if such learning rules converge…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Yuhan Helena Liu , Arna Ghosh , Blake A. Richards , Eric Shea-Brown , Guillaume Lajoie

Weight decay is often used to ensure good generalization in the training practice of deep neural networks with batch normalization (BN-DNNs), where some convolution layers are invariant to weight rescaling due to the normalization. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziquan Liu , Yufei Cui , Jia Wan , Yu Mao , Antoni B. Chan

Batch normalization (BN) is a ubiquitous technique for training deep neural networks that accelerates their convergence to reach higher accuracy. However, we demonstrate that BN comes with a fundamental drawback: it incentivizes the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Saeid Asgari Taghanaki , Ali Gholami , Fereshte Khani , Kristy Choi , Linh Tran , Ran Zhang , Aliasghar Khani
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