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A quantum spin liquid is a novel ground state that can support long-range entanglement between magnetic moments, resulting in exotic spin excitations involving fractionalized $S=\frac{1}{2}$ spinons. Here, we measure the excitations in…

This article is an introductory review of the physics of quantum spin liquid (QSL) states. Quantum magnetism is a rapidly evolving field, and recent developments reveal that the ground states and low-energy physics of frustrated spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-04-21 Yi Zhou , Kazushi Kanoda , Tai-Kai Ng

Spin liquids are highly correlated yet disordered states formed by the entanglement of magnetic dipoles$^1$. Theories typically define such states using gauge fields and deconfined quasiparticle excitations that emerge from a simple rule…

Mott insulators with localized magnetic moments will exhibit a quantum spin liquid (QSL) state when the quantum fluctuations are strong enough to suppress the ordering of the spins. Such an entangled state will give rise to collective…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-17 Haiyang Chen , Fo-Hong Wang , Qiang Gao , Xue-Jian Gao , Zhenhua Chen , Yaobo Huang , Kam Tuen Law , Xiao Yan Xu , Peng Chen

Recent experiments suggest a quantum spin liquid ground state in the material PbCuTe$_2$O$_6$, where $S=1/2$ moments are coupled by antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions into a three dimensional structure of corner sharing triangles…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-15 Li Ern Chern , Yong Baek Kim

Neutron scattering measurements have been performed on deuterated powder samples of claringbullite and Zn-doped claringbullite (Zn$_x$Cu$_{4-x}$(OD)$_{6}$FCl). At low temperatures, claringbullite Cu$_4$(OD)$_{6}$FCl forms a distorted…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-01-26 M. Georgopoulou , B. Fåk , D. Boldrin , J. R. Stewart , C. Ritter , E. Suard , J. Ollivier , A. S. Wills

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) have become a key area of research in magnetism due to their remarkable properties, such as long-range entanglement, fractional excitations, pinch-point singularities, and topologically protected phenomena. In…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-23 M. G. Gonzalez , V. Noculak , A. Sharma , V. Favre , J-R. Soh , A. Magrez , R. Bewley , H. O. Jeschke , J. Reuther , H. M. Rønnow , Y. Iqbal , I. Živković

When quantum fluctuations destroy underlying long-range ordered states, novel quantum states emerge. Spin-liquid (SL) states of frustrated quantum antiferromagnets, in which highly-correlated spins keep to fluctuate down to very low…

Inelastic neutron scattering studies in single crystals of TbInO3 and TbIn0.95Mn0.05O3 with nearly-triangular antiferromagnetic lattice are reported. At low energies, a broad and apparently gapless continuum of magnetic excitations, located…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-07-10 M. G. Kim , B. Winn , S. Chi , A. T. Savici , J. A. Rodriguez-Rivera , W. C. Chen , X. Xu , Y. Li , J. W. Kim , S. -W. Cheong , V. Kiryukhin

The spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ kagome antiferromagnet is considered an ideal host for a quantum spin liquid ground state. We find that when the bonds of the kagome lattice are modulated with a periodic pattern, new quantum ground states emerge.…

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) arises from a highly entangled superposition of many degenerate classical ground states in a frustrated magnet, and is characterized by emergent gauge fields and deconfined fractionalized excitations (spinons).…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-24 Bin Gao , Félix Desrochers , David W. Tam , Paul Steffens , Arno Hiess , Yixi Su , Sang-Wook Cheong , Yong Baek Kim , Pengcheng Dai

We investigate the emergence of quantum spin liquid phases in pyrochlore oxides with non-Kramers ions, in which structural randomness effectively acts as a transverse field, introducing quantum fluctuations on top of the spin ice manifold.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-09 Marcus V. Marinho , Eric C. Andrade

We investigate the microscopic properties of the kagome compound Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$ using $^{63,65}$Cu nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR). Analysis of the local hyperfine fields below the N\'eel temperature $T_N = 20$ K indicates a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-25 M. S. Grbić , I. Jakovac , I. Kupčić , H. Tanaka , M. Horvatić

Quantum spin liquids are highly entangled ground states of quantum systems with emergent gauge structure, fractionalized spinon excitations, and other unusual properties. While these features clearly distinguish quantum spin liquids from…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-06-18 Lucile Savary , Leon Balents

Motivated by the recent experiments on the new spin half Kagome compound ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2, we study a phenomenological model of a frustrated quantum magnet. The model has a spin liquid groundstate and is constructed so as to mimic the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Chitra , M. J. Rozenberg

Quantum spin liquids (QSL) are theoretical states of matter with long-range entanglement and exotic quasiparticles. However, they generally elude quantitative theory, rendering their underlying phases mysterious and hampering efforts to…

The rare-earth-based geometrically frustrated triangular magnets have attracted considerable attention due to the intricate interplay between strong spin-orbit coupling and the crystal electric field (CEF), which often leads to effective…

The face-centered-cubic lattice is composed of edge-sharing tetrahedra, making it a leading candidate host for strongly frustrated magnetism, but relatively few face-centered frustrated materials have been investigated. In the hydroxide…

The authors of a recent paper evidently take the view that the whole of progress made toward a theoretical understanding of the physics of quantum spin liquids (QSL) is associated with models of the kind proposed and applied in their…

Exotic quantum spin liquid (QSL) is formed with such hypothetic particles as fermionic spinons carrying spin 1/2 and no charge. Here we calculate its thermodynamic and relaxation properties. Our calculations unveil the fundamental…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-03-02 V. R. Shaginyan , A. Z. Msezane , K. G. Popov , G. S. Japaridze , V. A. Stephanovich
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