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For simulating laser-plasma interactions, we developed a parallel, multi-dimensional, fully relativistically particle-in-cell (PIC) code, named YUNIC. The core algorithm is introduced, including field solver, particle pusher, field…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-04-02 Huai-Hang Song , Wei-Min Wang , Yu-Tong Li

We propose an unsupervised machine-learning checkpoint-restart (CR) lossy algorithm for particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithms using Gaussian mixtures (GM). The algorithm features a particle compression stage and a particle reconstruction stage,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Guangye Chen , Luis Chacón , Truong B. Nguyen

Many high power electronic devices operate in a regime where the current they draw is limited by the self-fields of the particles. This space-charge-limited current poses particular challenges for numerical modeling where common techniques…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-07-07 Peter H. Stoltz , John W. Luginsland , Andrew M. Chap , David N. Smithe , John R. Cary

Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods employ particle representations of unknown fields, but also employ continuum fields for other parts of the problem. Thus projection between particle and continuum bases is required. Moreover, we often need to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-22 Joseph V. Pusztay , Matthew G. Knepley , Mark F. Adams

A variational method is used to derive a self-consistent macro-particle model for relativistic electromagnetic kinetic plasma simulations. Extending earlier work [E. G. Evstatiev and B. A. Shadwick, J. Comput. Phys., vol. 245, pp. 376-398,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-04-22 A. B. Stamm , B. A. Shadwick , E. G. Evstatiev

First-principles particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is a powerful tool for understanding plasma behavior, but this power often comes at great computational expense. Artificially reducing the ion/electron mass ratio is a time-honored practice…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-01-14 Gregory R. Werner , Scott Robertson , Thomas G. Jenkins , Andrew M. Chap , John R. Cary

We present a new magnetohydrodynamic-particle-in-cell (MHD-PIC) code integrated into the Athena++ framework. It treats energetic particles as in conventional PIC codes while the rest of thermal plasmas are treated as background fluid…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-31 Xiaochen Sun , Xue-Ning Bai

The advent of high-power Hall thrusters and the increasing interest towards their use as a primary propulsion system for various missions have given a new boost to the efforts aiming at self-consistent predictive modeling of this thruster…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Farbod Faraji , Maryam Reza , Aaron Knoll

The triangular mesh-based gyrokinetic scheme enables comprehensive axis-to-edge studies across the entire plasma volume. Our approach employs triangular finite elements with first-derivative continuity (C1), building on previous work to…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINN) is a machine learning (ML)-based method to solve partial differential equations that has gained great popularity due to the fast development of ML libraries in the last few years. The…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Martin A. Achondo , Jehanzeb H. Chaudhry , Christopher D. Cooper

Cosmic-ray acceleration processes in astrophysical plasmas are often investigated with fully-kinetic or hybrid kinetic numerical simulations, which enable us to describe a detailed microphysics of particle energization mechanisms. Tracing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-12 Gabriel Torralba Paz , Artem Bohdan , Jacek Niemiec

Electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) codes are widely used to perform computer simulations of a variety of physical systems, including fusion plasmas, astrophysical plasmas, plasma wakefield particle accelerators, and secondary photon…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-07-20 Edoardo Zoni , Remi Lehe , Olga Shapoval , Daniel Belkin , Neil Zaïm , Luca Fedeli , Henri Vincenti , Jean-Luc Vay

The Weibel instability is investigated with PIC simulations of an initially unmagnetized and spatially uniform electron plasma. This instability, which is driven by the thermally anisotropic electron distribution, generates electromagnetic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 A Stockem , M E Dieckmann , R Schlickeiser

A customized finite-difference field solver for the particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm that provides higher fidelity for wave-particle interactions in intense electromagnetic waves is presented. In many problems of interest, particles with…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Fei Li , Kyle G. Miller , Xinlu Xu , Frank S. Tsung , Viktor K. Decyk , Weiming An , Ricardo A. Fonseca , Warren B. Mori

Optimizing iPIC3D, an implicit Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code, for large-scale 3D plasma simulations is crucial for space and astrophysical applications. This work focuses on characterizing iPIC3D's communication efficiency through strategic…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Jeremy J. Williams , Daniel Medeiros , Ivy B. Peng , Stefano Markidis

Particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collisions (PIC/MCC) is a fully kinetic, particle based numerical simulation method with increasing popularity in the field of low temperature gas discharge physics. Already in its simplest form…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Mate Vass , Peter Palla , Peter Hartmann

The dissipation mechanism of the magnetic energy in turbulent collisionless space and astrophysical plasmas is still not well understood. Its investigation requires efficient kinetic simulations of the energy transfer in collisionless…

The present paper is devoted to the convergence analysis of an asymptotic preserving particle scheme designed to serve as a particle pusher in a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method for the Vlasov equation with a strong inhomogeneous magnetic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Francis Filbet , L Miguel Rodrigues , Kim Han Trinh

Particle-in-cell codes are the most widely used simulation tools for kinetic studies of ultra-intense laser-plasma interactions. Using the motion of a single electron in a plane electromagnetic wave as a benchmark problem, we show…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Kavin Tangtartharakul , Guangye Chen , Alexey Arefiev

We use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of a collisionless, electron-ion plasma with a decreasing background magnetic field, $B$, to study the effect of velocity-space instabilities on the viscous heating and thermal conduction of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-27 Mario Riquelme , Eliot Quataert , Daniel Verscharen