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A commonly assumed drawback of multi-level coding, compared to a bit-interleaved coded modulation, is its high latency: Indeed, the levels must be decoded sequentially. In this paper, we consider polar codes to code each level. We show that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Vincent Corlay

Polar codes are the first provable capacity-achieving forward error correction (FEC) codes. In general polar codes can be decoded via either successive cancellation (SC) or belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm. However, to date…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-27 Bo Yuan , Keshab K. Parhi

Polar codes are a class of capacity-achieving error correcting codes that have been selected for use in enhanced mobile broadband in the 3GPP 5th generation (5G) wireless standard. Most polar code research examines the original Arikan polar…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Adam Cavatassi , Thibaud Tonnellier , Warren J. Gross

The interest in polar codes has been increasing significantly since their adoption for use in the 5$^{\rm th}$ generation wireless systems standard. Successive cancellation (SC) decoding algorithm has low implementation complexity, but…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Furkan Ercan , Carlo Condo , Warren J. Gross

A pruned variant of polar coding is reinvented for all binary erasure channels. For small $\varepsilon>0$, we construct codes with block length $\varepsilon^{-5}$, code rate $\text{Capacity}-\varepsilon$, error probability $\varepsilon$,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Hsin-Po Wang , Iwan Duursma

This paper deals with two main issues regarding the short polar codes: the potential of FEC-assisted decoding and optimal code concatenation strategies under various design scenarios. Code concatenation and FEC-assisted decoding are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Mohammad Sadegh Mohammadi , Eryk Dutkiewicz , Qi Zhang

In the Shannon lecture at the 2019 International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), Ar{\i}kan proposed to employ a one-to-one convolutional transform as a pre-coding step before the polar transform. The resulting codes of this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Mohammad Rowshan , Andreas Burg , Emanuele Viterbo

While linear programming (LP) decoding provides more flexibility for finite-length performance analysis than iterative message-passing (IMP) decoding, it is computationally more complex to implement in its original form, due to both the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-02-05 Mohammad H. Taghavi , Amin Shokrollahi , Paul H. Siegel

This letter proposes successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding of product codes with Reed--Muller (RM) component codes. SCL decoding relies on a product code description based on the $2\times 2$ Hadamard kernel, which enables interpreting…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Mustafa Cemil Coşkun , Thomas Jerkovits , Gianluigi Liva

Polar codes have attracted much attention in the past decade due to their capacity-achieving performance. The higher decoding capacity is required for 5G and beyond 5G (B5G). Although the cyclic redundancy check (CRC)- assisted successive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-12 Chun-Hsiang Chen , Chieh-Fang Teng , An-Yeu Wu

In successive cancellation (SC) polar decoding, an incorrect estimate of any prior unfrozen bit may bring about severe error propagation in the following decoding, thus it is desirable to find out and correct an error as early as possible.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Zhaoyang Zhang , Kangjian Qin , Liang Zhang , Huazi Zhang , Guo Tai Chen

Polar codes are a recently proposed family of provably capacity-achieving error-correction codes that received a lot of attention. While their theoretical properties render them interesting, their practicality compared to other types of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-10 Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Pascal Giard , Andreas Burg

We introduce an algorithm for approximating the codebook probability that is compatible with all successive cancellation (SC)-based decoding algorithms, including SC list (SCL) decoding. This approximation is based on an auxiliary…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Peihong Yuan , Ken R. Duffy , Muriel Médard

A new algorithm for efficient exact maximum likelihood decoding of polar codes (which may be CRC augmented), transmitted over the binary erasure channel, is presented. The algorithm applies a matrix triangulation process on a sparse polar…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Yonatan Urman , David Burshtein

Although iterative decoding of polar codes has recently made huge progress based on the idea of permuted factor graphs, it still suffers from a non-negligible performance degradation when compared to state-of-the-art CRC-aided successive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Marvin Geiselhart , Ahmed Elkelesh , Moustafa Ebada , Sebastian Cammerer , Stephan ten Brink

Owing to their capacity-achieving performance and low encoding and decoding complexity, polar codes have drawn much research interests recently. Successive cancellation decoding (SCD) and belief propagation decoding (BPD) are two common…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Syed Mohsin Abbas , YouZhe Fan , Ji Chen , Chi-Ying Tsui

Automorphism ensemble (AE) decoding for polar codes was proposed by decoding permuted codewords with successive cancellation (SC) decoders in parallel and hence has lower latency compared to that of successive cancellation list (SCL)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Zicheng Ye , Yuan Li , Huazi Zhang , Rong Li , Jun Wang , Guiying Yan , Zhiming Ma

Nowadays polar codes are becoming one of the most favorable capacity achieving error correction codes for their low encoding and decoding complexity. However, due to the large code length required by practical applications, the few existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-11-04 Chuan Zhang , Bo Yuan , Keshab K. Parhi

Even though polar codes were adopted in the latest 5G cellular standard, they still have the fundamental problem of high decoding latency. Aiming at solving this problem, a fast simplified successive cancellation (Fast-SSC) decoder based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Haotian Zheng , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Zizheng Cao , Ton Koonen

This brief introduces a hardware complexity reduction method for successive cancellation list (SCL) decoders. Specifically, we propose to use a sorting scheme so that L paths with smallest path metrics are also sorted according to their…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Onur Dizdar