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Large language models have led to state-of-the-art accuracies across a range of tasks. However,training large language model needs massive computing resource, as more and more open source pre-training models are available, it is worthy to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Han Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are complex artificial intelligence systems capable of understanding, generating and translating human language. They learn language patterns by analyzing large amounts of text data, allowing them to perform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Biwei Yan , Kun Li , Minghui Xu , Yueyan Dong , Yue Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Xiuzhen Cheng

With the recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT from OpenAI, BARD from Google, Llama2 from Meta, and Claude from Anthropic AI, gain widespread use, ensuring their security and robustness is critical. The widespread…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Sonali Singh , Faranak Abri , Akbar Siami Namin

Data augmentation techniques are widely used for enhancing the performance of machine learning models by tackling class imbalance issues and data sparsity. State-of-the-art generative language models have been shown to provide significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Aleksandra Edwards , Asahi Ushio , Jose Camacho-Collados , Hélène de Ribaupierre , Alun Preece

Large language models are shown to present privacy risks through memorization of training data, and several recent works have studied such risks for the pre-training phase. Little attention, however, has been given to the fine-tuning phase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Archit Uniyal , Tianhao Wang , David Evans , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

Large-scale language models achieved state-of-the-art performance over a number of language tasks. However, they fail on adversarial language examples, which are sentences optimized to fool the language models but with similar semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Noah Thomas McDermott , Junfeng Yang , Chengzhi Mao

Machine learning (ML) models may be deemed confidential due to their sensitive training data, commercial value, or use in security applications. Increasingly often, confidential ML models are being deployed with publicly accessible query…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Florian Tramèr , Fan Zhang , Ari Juels , Michael K. Reiter , Thomas Ristenpart

Recently, Carlini et al. demonstrated the widely used model Stable Diffusion can regurgitate real training samples, which is troublesome from a copyright perspective. In this work, we provide an efficient extraction attack on par with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Ryan Webster

Transformer based large language models with emergent capabilities are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in society. However, the task of understanding and interpreting their internal workings, in the context of adversarial attacks, remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Varshini Subhash , Anna Bialas , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in replicating human tasks and boosting productivity. However, their direct application for data extraction presents limitations due to a prioritisation of fluency over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Aman Ahluwalia , Suhrud Wani

This study investigates the application of large language models, specifically GPT-4, to enhance programming education. The research outlines the design of a web application that uses GPT-4 to provide feedback on programming tasks, without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Sven Jacobs , Steffen Jaschke

The increasing popularity of large language models has not only led to widespread use but has also brought various risks, including the potential for systematically spreading fake news. Consequently, the development of classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sinclair Schneider , Florian Steuber , Joao A. G. Schneider , Gabi Dreo Rodosek

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by OpenAI's ChatGPT, brings to the forefront the imperative to defend against adversarial threats on these models. These attacks, which manipulate an LLM's output by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Amelia Kawasaki , Andrew Davis , Houssam Abbas

Model Leeching is a novel extraction attack targeting Large Language Models (LLMs), capable of distilling task-specific knowledge from a target LLM into a reduced parameter model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our attack by extracting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Lewis Birch , William Hackett , Stefan Trawicki , Neeraj Suri , Peter Garraghan

Model extraction attacks are a kind of attacks where an adversary obtains a machine learning model whose performance is comparable with one of the victim model through queries and their results. This paper presents a novel model extraction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Masataka Tasumi , Kazuki Iwahana , Naoto Yanai , Katsunari Shishido , Toshiya Shimizu , Yuji Higuchi , Ikuya Morikawa , Jun Yajima

Large Language Models (LLMs) pose significant privacy risks, potentially leaking training data due to implicit memorization. Existing privacy attacks primarily focus on membership inference attacks (MIAs) or data extraction attacks, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wenlong Meng , Zhenyuan Guo , Lenan Wu , Chen Gong , Wenyan Liu , Weixian Li , Chengkun Wei , Wenzhi Chen

Publicly releasing the specification of a model with its trained parameters means an adversary can attempt to reconstruct information about the training data via training data reconstruction attacks, a major vulnerability of modern machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-25 George Wynne

Federated learning allows distributed users to collaboratively train a model while keeping each user's data private. Recently, a growing body of work has demonstrated that an eavesdropping attacker can effectively recover image data from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Samyak Gupta , Yangsibo Huang , Zexuan Zhong , Tianyu Gao , Kai Li , Danqi Chen

It has recently been shown that adversarial attacks on large language models (LLMs) can "jailbreak" the model into making harmful statements. In this work, we argue that the spectrum of adversarial attacks on LLMs is much larger than merely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jonas Geiping , Alex Stein , Manli Shu , Khalid Saifullah , Yuxin Wen , Tom Goldstein

Large language models (LLMs) successfully model natural language from vast amounts of text without the need for explicit supervision. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of LLMs in modeling passwords. We present PassGPT, a LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Javier Rando , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Briland Hitaj