Related papers: Van der Meer Scan Luminosity Measurement and Beam-…
Heavy-ion collisions will enter a new era with the start of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A first short run with proton-proton collisions at the injection energy of 0.9 TeV will be followed by a longer one with $pp$ collisions at 10…
In optical metrological protocols to measure physical quantities, it is, in principle, always beneficial to increase photon number to improve measurement precision. However, practical constraints prevent arbitrary increase of n due to the…
The phenomenon of cosmic shear, or distortion of images of distant sources unaccompanied by magnification, is an effective way of probing the content and state of the foreground Universe, because light rays do not have to pass through mass…
We present a novel method for extrinsically calibrating a camera and a 2D Laser Rangefinder (LRF) whose beams are invisible from the camera image. We show that point-to-plane constraints from a single observation of a V-shaped calibration…
To meet the stringent time calibration requirements for the Belle II experiment upgrade, particularly for its large-size KL and Muon Detector comprising tens of thousands of scintillator channels with time resolutions better than 100 ps, we…
Magnetically confined hollow electron beams for controlled halo removal in high-energy colliders such as the Tevatron or the LHC may extend traditional collimation systems beyond the intensity limits imposed by tolerable material damage.…
Elastic light-by-light scattering, $\gamma\gamma\to\gamma\gamma$, is open to study at the Large Hadron Collider thanks to the large quasi-real photon fluxes available in electromagnetic interactions of protons (p) and lead (Pb) ions. The…
Contrary to the general trend of looking for new physics at energies beyond the current reach of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), this article proposes a strategy to look for light new physics via a meticulous study of well known and…
We implement a general imaging method by measuring the complex degree of coherence using linear optics and photon number resolving detectors. In the absence of collective or entanglement assisted measurements, our method is optimal over a…
Type Ia supernovae are the most direct cosmological probe to study dark energy in the recent Universe, for which the photometric calibration of astronomical instruments remains one major source of systematic uncertainties. To address this,…
Chapter 6 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in…
Accurate primary beam calibration is essential for precise brightness measurements in radio astronomy. The VLA Low-band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (VLITE) faces challenges in calibration due to the offset Cassegrain optics used in…
Measurement of the integrated luminosity at the International Linear Collider (ILC) will be accomplished by counting the rate of small angle Bhabha scattering events. The physics requirements for ILC set the constraint on the relative…
We describe a self calibrating optical technique that allows to perform absolute measurements of scattering cross sections for the light scattered at extremely small angles. Very good performances are obtained by using a very simple optical…
Several studies are on-going at CERN in the framework of the Physics Beyond Collider study group, with main aim of broadening the physics research spectrum using the available accelerator complex and infrastructure. The possibility to…
Metacalibration is a recently introduced method to accurately measure weak gravitational lensing shear using only the available imaging data, without need for prior information about galaxy properties or calibration from simulations. The…
The first part of the physics programme of the integrated FCC (Future Circular Colliders) proposal includes measurements of Standard Model processes in $e^+e^-$ collisions (FCC-ee) with an unprecedented precision. In particular, the…
The RICH detectors of the LHCb experiment provide identification of hadrons produced in high energy proton-proton collisions in the LHC at CERN over a wide momentum range (2 to 100 GeV/c). Cherenkov light is collected on photon detector…
The measurement of sparticle masses in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model at the LHC is analysed, in the scenario where the lightest neutralino decays into three quarks. Such decays, occurring through the baryon-number violating…
Electromagnetic interactions between colliding heavy ions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will give rise to localized beam losses that may quench superconducting magnets, apart from contributing significantly to the luminosity…