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Over the years, several security vulnerabilities in the 3GPP cellular systems have been demonstrated in the literature. Most studies focus on higher layers of the cellular radio stack, such as the RRC and NAS, which are cryptographically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Norbert Ludant , Marinos Vomvas , Guevara Noubir

As 5G networks become more mainstream, privacy has come to the forefront of end users. More scrutiny has been shown to previous generation cellular technologies such as 3G and 4G on how they handle sensitive metadata transmitted from an end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Abshir Ali , Guanqun Song , Ting Zhu

As 3GPP systems have strengthened security at the upper layers of the cellular stack, plaintext PHY and MAC layers have remained relatively understudied, though interest in them is growing. In this work, we explore lower-layer exploitation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Subangkar Karmaker Shanto , Imtiaz Karim , Elisa Bertino

This paper investigates security vulnerabilities and countermeasures for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Fifth Generation New Radio (5G-NR) Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) localization in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-17 Zexin Fang , Bin Han , Zhu Han , Yufei Zhao , Yong Liang Guan , Hans D. Schotten

Protocol reverse engineering stands as the cutting-edge approach in security research. This paper presents a framework capable of reverse engineering the communications within a mobile communication system. Our focus is on systems released…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jonathan Ebert , Peter Rost

The widespread adoption of the fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks has brought new opportunities for the development of localization-based services. High-accuracy positioning use cases and functionalities defined by the standards are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Lorenzo Italiano , Bernardo Camajori Tedeschini , Mattia Brambilla , Huiping Huang , Monica Nicoli , Henk Wymeersch

The broadcast nature of the wireless medium and openness of wireless standards, e.g., 3GPP releases 16-20, invite adversaries to launch various active and passive attacks on cellular and other wireless networks. This work identifies one…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Ali Hanif , Abdulrahman Katranji , Nour Kouzayha , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The availability of cheap GNSS spoofers can prevent safe navigation and tracking of road users. It can lead to loss of assets, inaccurate fare estimation, enforcing the wrong speed limit, miscalculated toll tax, passengers reaching an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Aneet Kumar Dutta , Sebastian Brandt , Mridula Singh

Emerging 5G millimeter-wave and sub-6 GHz networks enable high-accuracy indoor localization, but security and privacy vulnerabilities pose serious challenges. In this paper, we identify and address threats including location spoofing and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ildi Alla , Valeria Loscri

In blind detection, a set of candidates has to be decoded within a strict time constraint, to identify which transmissions are directed at the user equipment. Blind detection is required by the 3GPP LTE/LTE-Advanced standard, and it will be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Carlo Condo , Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Arash Ardakani , Furkan Ercan , Warren J. Gross

Hybrid reflective intelligent surfaces (HRISs) can support localization in sixth-generation (6G) networks thanks to their ability to generate narrow beams and at the same time receive and process locally the impinging signals. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Mattia Piana , Stefano Tomasin

Precise indoor localization is one of the key requirements for fifth Generation (5G) and beyond, concerning various wireless communication systems, whose applications span different vertical sectors. Although many highly accurate methods…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-27 Chenlu Xiang , Shunqing Zhang , Shugong Xu , George C. Alexandropoulos

In a spoofing attack, an attacker impersonates a legitimate user to access or modify data belonging to the latter. Typical approaches for spoofing detection in the physical layer declare an attack when a change is observed in certain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-18 Daniel Romero , Tien Ngoc Ha , Peter Gerstoft

Modern applications are end-to-end encrypted to prevent data from being read or secretly modified. 5G tech nology provides ubiquitous access to these applications without compromising the application-specific performance and latency goals.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Md Ruman Islam , Raja Hasnain Anwar , Spyridon Mastorakis , Muhammad Taqi Raza

Ensuring user privacy remains a critical concern within mobile cellular networks, particularly given the proliferation of interconnected devices and services. In fact, a lot of user privacy issues have been raised in 2G, 3G, 4G/LTE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Stavros Eleftherakis , Domenico Giustiniano , Nicolas Kourtellis

Channel-state-information-based localization in 5G networks has been a promising way to obtain highly accurate positions compared to previous communication networks. However, there is no unified and effective platform to support the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-27 Xinghua Jia , Peng Liu , Wangdong Qi , Shengheng Liu , Yongming Huang , Wang Zheng , Mengguan Pan , Xiaohu You

In cellular networks, attacks on the communication link between a mobile device and the core network significantly impact privacy and availability. Up until now, fake base stations have been required to execute such attacks. Since they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Simon Erni , Martin Kotuliak , Patrick Leu , Marc Roeschlin , Srdjan Capkun

The evolution of 5G New Radio (NR) has brought significant improvements in signal strength and service quality for users. By integrating Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems into communications, multiple data streams can be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Kalyani Bhukya , Shahid Aamir Sheikh , Radha Krishna Ganti

In this paper we describe the recent 3GPP Release 16 specification for positioning in 5G networks. It specifies positioning signals, measurements, procedures, and architecture to meet requirements from a plethora of regulatory, commercial…

Increasing numbers of mobile computing devices, user-portable, or embedded in vehicles, cargo containers, or the physical space, need to be aware of their location in order to provide a wide range of commercial services. Most often, mobile…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-01-05 P. Papadimitratos , A. Jovanovic
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