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Aging populations and the rising prevalence of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders increase the demand for wearable mobility assistive devices that are effective, comfortable, and anatomically compatible. Many existing systems use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mohammed Abboodi

The MagAO-X instrument is a new extreme adaptive optics system for high-contrast imaging at visible and near-infrared wavelengths on the Magellan Clay Telescope. A central component of this system is a 2040-actuator microelectromechanical…

Sensitivity and resolution of space telescopes are directly related to the size of the primary mirror. Enabling such future extremely large space telescopes or even arrays of those will require to drastically reduce the areal weight of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-11 S. Rabien , L. Busoni , C. Del Vecchio , J. Ziegleder , S. Esposito

We report the past two years of collaboration between the different actors on the ALMA nutator. Building on previous developments, the nutator has seen changes in much of the design. A high-modulus carbon fiber structure has been added on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-27 Pierre Martin-Cocher , John Ford , Patrick M. Koch , Chih-Wen Ni , Wei-Long Chen , Ming-Tang Chen , Philippe Raffin , Chin-Long Ong , Paul T. P. Ho , Arthur Symmes

The active reflector is one of the three main innovations of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). The deformation of such a huge spherically shaped reflector into different transient parabolic shapes is achieved…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-08 Hai-Yan Zhang , Ming-Chang Wu , You-Ling Yue , Heng-Qian Gan , Hao Hu , Shi-Jie Huang

We investigate multi-channel reflectors, such as a three-channel power splitter and a five-channel isolating mirror. These metasurface reflectors are able to control reflections from and into several directions while possessing a flat…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 S. N. Tcvetkova , V. S. Asadchy , A. Diaz-Rubio , D. -H. Kwon , S. A. Tretyakov

We present the design and fabrication of a miniaturized array of piezoelectrically actuated high speed Fresnel mirrors with individual mirror control. These Fresnel mirrors can be used to generate propagation invariant and self-healing…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Binal Poyyathuruthy Bruno , Robert Schütze , Ruediger Grunwald , Ulrike Wallrabe

The influence of a deformable mirror on spatial light modulation in ultrafast lasers processing is demonstrated. The deformable mirror was integrated into an optical setup which contains an additional lens for generating a nearly linear…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-07 Marco Smarra , Evgeny L. Gurevich , Andreas Ostendorf

The recent surge of interest in temporal modulation schemes to induce magnet-free non-reciprocity has inspired several exciting opportunities for photonic technology. Here, we investigate a scheme to realize free-space isolators and highly…

Optics · Physics 2018-03-14 Romain Fleury , Dimitrios L. Sounas , Andrea Alu

Silicon-based micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) can be fabricated using bulk and surface micromachining technology. A micro mirror designed as an oscillatory MEMS constitutes a prominent example. Typically, in order to minimize energy…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Ulrike Nabholz , Wolfgang Heinzelmann , Jan E. Mehner , Peter Degenfeld-Schonburg

In order to increase the corrected field of view of an adaptive optics (AO) system, several deformable mirrors (DM) have to be placed in the conjugate planes of the dominant turbulent layers (multi-conjugate adaptive optics, MCAO [Beckers…

Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 T. Berkefeld , A. Glindemann , S. Hippler

High-contrast imaging of extrasolar planet candidates around a main-sequence star has recently been realized from the ground using current adaptive optics (AO) systems. Advancing such observations will be a task for the Gemini Planet…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-02 Katie Morzinski , Bruce Macintosh , Donald Gavel , Daren Dillon

The advent of extremely large telescopes will bring unprecedented light-collecting power and spatial resolution, but it will also lead to a significant increase in the size and complexity of focal-plane instruments. The use of freeform…

Actuator self-heating limits the achievable force and can cause unwanted structural deformations. This is especially apparent in quasi-static actuation systems that require the actuator to maintain a stable position over an extended period.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Silvan G. Viëtor , Jo W. Spronck , S. Hassan HosseinNia

MOEMS Deformable Mirrors (DM) are key components for next generation instruments with innovative adaptive optics systems, in existing telescopes and in the future ELTs. These DMs must perform at room temperature as well as in cryogenic and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Frederic Zamkotsian , Patrick Lanzoni , Rudy Barette , Emmanuel Grassi , Patrick Vors , Michael Helmbrecht , Franck Marchis , Alex Teichman

Long-term stability of deformable mirrors (DM) is a critical performance requirement for instruments requiring open-loop corrections. The effects of temperature changes in the DM performance are equally critical for such instruments. This…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-16 M. A. Helmbrecht , M. He , C. J. Kempf , F. Marchis

Activation functions are widely used in neural networks to decide the activation value of the neural unit based upon linear combinations of the weighted inputs. The effective implementation of activation function is highly important, as…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Nursultan Kaiyrbekov , Olga Krestinskaya , Alex Pappachen James

Tunable optical devices, in particular, varifocal lenses, have important applications in various fields, including imaging and adaptive vision. Recent advances in metasurfaces, which control the wavefront of light using subwavelength-spaced…

Optics · Physics 2017-08-08 Alan She , Shuyan Zhang , Samuel Shian , David R. Clarke , Federico Capasso

Recent advances in ground-based astronomy have made it possible to create optical telescopes with primary mirrors up to 40 m in size. With growing mirror diameter, the suppression of non-atmospheric disturbances becomes increasingly…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-17 Pascal Jaufmann , Aaron Buck , Jörg-Uwe Pott , Oliver Sawodny

The Deformable Mirror Simulator (DMS) is an optical device reproducing the F/13 beam from the adaptive secondary mirror of the Very Large Telescope UT4. The system has been designed and integrated as a test tool for the calibration and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-29 Runa Briguglio , Armando Riccardi , Luca Carbonaro , Enrico Pinna , Chiara Selmi , Paolo Grani