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Sampling trajectories from a distribution followed by ranking them based on a specified cost function is a common approach in autonomous driving. Typically, the sampling distribution is hand-crafted (e.g a Gaussian, or a grid). Recently,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Simon Idoko , Basant Sharma , Arun Kumar Singh

Variational Auto-Encoders have often been used for unsupervised pretraining, feature extraction and out-of-distribution and anomaly detection in the medical field. However, VAEs often lack the ability to produce sharp images and learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 David Zimmerer , Jens Petersen , Klaus Maier-Hein

Unsupervised learning can leverage large-scale data sources without the need for annotations. In this context, deep learning-based auto encoders have shown great potential in detecting anomalies in medical images. However, state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-17 David Zimmerer , Simon A. A. Kohl , Jens Petersen , Fabian Isensee , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

We present a detailed study on Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) for anomalous jet tagging at the Large Hadron Collider. By taking in low-level jet constituents' information, and training with background QCD jets in an unsupervised manner,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-05 Taoli Cheng , Jean-François Arguin , Julien Leissner-Martin , Jacinthe Pilette , Tobias Golling

Inverse problems aim to determine model parameters of a mathematical problem from given observational data. Neural networks can provide an efficient tool to solve these problems. In the context of Bayesian inverse problems, Uncertainty…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Andrea Tonini , Tan Bui-Thanh , Francesco Regazzoni , Luca Dede' , Alfio Quarteroni

We propose a new type of variational autoencoder to perform improved pre-processing for clustering and anomaly detection on data with a given label. Anomalies however are not known or labeled. We call our method conditional latent space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Erik Norlander , Alexandros Sopasakis

Advancements in synthesized speech have created a growing threat of impersonation, making it crucial to develop deepfake algorithm recognition. One significant aspect is out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, which has gained notable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Renmingyue Du , Jixun Yao , Qiuqiang Kong , Yin Cao

The goal of anomaly detection is to identify examples that deviate from normal or expected behavior. We tackle this problem for images. We consider a two-phase approach. First, using normal examples, a convolutional autoencoder (CAE) is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Natasa Sarafijanovic-Djukic , Jesse Davis

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are well-established as a principled approach to probabilistic unsupervised learning with neural networks. Typically, an encoder network defines the parameters of a Gaussian distributed latent space from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alan Jeffares , Liyuan Liu

Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoders (VQ-VAE)[1] provide an unsupervised model for learning discrete representations by combining vector quantization and autoencoders. In this paper, we study the use of VQ-VAE for representation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-05 Hanwei Wu , Markus Flierl

Image generative models can learn the distributions of the training data and consequently generate examples by sampling from these distributions. However, when the training dataset is corrupted with outliers, generative models will likely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Chieh-Hsin Lai , Dongmian Zou , Gilad Lerman

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have recently been used for unsupervised disentanglement learning of complex density distributions. Numerous variants exist to encourage disentanglement in latent space while improving reconstruction.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-10 Kenneth Ezukwoke , Anis Hoayek , Mireille Batton-Hubert , Xavier Boucher

The detection and localization of anomalies is one important medical image analysis task. Most commonly, Computer Vision anomaly detection approaches rely on manual annotations that are both time consuming and expensive to obtain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sergio Naval Marimont , Giacomo Tarroni

Contrastive representation learning has emerged as an outstanding approach for anomaly detection. In this work, we explore the $\ell_2$-norm of contrastive features and its applications in out-of-distribution detection. We propose a simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Tai Le-Gia , Jaehyun Ahn

Deep probabilistic generative models enable modeling the likelihoods of very high dimensional data. An important application of generative modeling should be the ability to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) samples by setting a threshold on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Zhisheng Xiao , Qing Yan , Yali Amit

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are fundamental for generative modeling and image reconstruction, yet their performance often struggles to maintain high fidelity in reconstructions. This study introduces a hybrid model, quantum variational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Farina Riaz , Fakhar Zaman , Hajime Suzuki , Sharif Abuadbba , David Nguyen

Deep Learning based methods have emerged as the indisputable leaders for virtually all image restoration tasks. Especially in the domain of microscopy images, various content-aware image restoration (CARE) approaches are now used to improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Mangal Prakash , Alexander Krull , Florian Jug

The lack of evidence for new physics at the Large Hadron Collider so far has prompted the development of model-independent search techniques. In this study, we compare the anomaly scores of a variety of anomaly detection techniques: an…

We present a novel method for image anomaly detection, where algorithms that use samples drawn from some distribution of "normal" data, aim to detect out-of-distribution (abnormal) samples. Our approach includes a combination of encoder and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Nina Tuluptceva , Bart Bakker , Irina Fedulova , Anton Konushin

Learning Enabled Components (LECs) are widely being used in a variety of perception based autonomy tasks like image segmentation, object detection, end-to-end driving, etc. These components are trained with large image datasets with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Vijaya Kumar Sundar , Shreyas Ramakrishna , Zahra Rahiminasab , Arvind Easwaran , Abhishek Dubey