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At the present time even the most sophisticated, multi-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae do not (self-consistently) include neutrino flavor transformation. This physics is missing despite the importance of neutrinos in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-14 Charles J. Stapleford , Carla Fröhlich , James P. Kneller

Collective neutrino flavor conversions in core-collapse supernovae (SNe) begin with instabilities, initially triggered when the dominant $\nu_e$ outflow concurs with a small antineutrino flux of opposite lepton number, with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-21 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Hans-Thomas Janka , Georg G. Raffelt

The impact of neutrino flavor conversion on the supernova mechanism is yet to be fully understood. We present multi-energy and multi-angle solutions of the neutrino quantum kinetic equations in three flavors, without employing any…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-15 Shashank Shalgar , Irene Tamborra

Neutrino-neutrino interactions can lead to collective flavor conversion in the dense parts of a core collapse supernova. Growing instabilities that lead to collective conversions have been studied intensely in the limit of two-neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-08-07 Christian Döring , Rasmus S. L. Hansen , Manfred Lindner

A dense neutrino gas, such as the one anticipated in the supernova environment, can experience fast neutrino flavor conversions on scales much shorter than those expected in vacuum probably provided that the angular distributions of $\nu_e$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-26 Sajad Abbar , Huaiyu Duan , Kohsuke Sumiyoshi , Tomoya Takiwaki , Maria Cristina Volpe

A dense neutrino medium such as that inside a core-collapse supernova can experience collective flavor conversion or oscillations because of the neutral-current weak interaction among the neutrinos. This phenomenon has been studied in a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-20 Sajad Abbar , Huaiyu Duan

In dense neutrino gases, the neutrino-neutrino coherent forward scattering gives rise to a complex flavor oscillation phenomenon not fully incorporated in simulations of neutron star mergers (NSM) and core collapse supernovae (CCSNe).…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-06 Erick Urquilla , Sherwood Richers

Fast-pairwise collective neutrino oscillation represents a key uncertainty in the theory of core-collapse supernova (CCSN). Despite the potentially significant impact on CCSN dynamics, it is usually neglected in numerical models of CCSN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-03 Hiroki Nagakura , Lucas Johns , Adam Burrows , George M. Fuller

Neutrino-neutrino interactions in dense neutrino streams, like those emitted by a core-collapse supernova, can lead to self-induced neutrino flavor conversions. While this is a nonlinear phenomenon, the onset of these conversions can be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-02-02 Arka Banerjee , Amol Dighe , Georg Raffelt

Neutrino transport in spherically symmetric models of stellar core collapse and bounce has achieved a technically complete level, rewarded by the agreement among independent groups that a multi-dimensional treatment of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Liebendoerfer , U. -L. Pen , C. Thompson

Neutrinos in a core-collapse supernova undergo coherent flavor transformations in their own background. We explore this phenomenon during the cooling stage of the explosion. Our three-flavor calculations reveal qualitatively new effects…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-05-25 Alexander Friedland

We present a comprehensive study on the occurrences of the collisional flavor instability (CFI) and the fast flavor instability (FFI) of neutrinos based on a two-dimensional (2D) core-collapse supernova (CCSN) simulation performed with a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-10 Ryuichiro Akaho , Jiabao Liu , Hiroki Nagakura , Masamichi Zaizen , Shoichi Yamada

Numerical simulations of the supernova (SN) neutrino self-induced flavor conversions, associated with the neutrino-neutrino interactions in the deepest stellar regions, have been typically carried out assuming the "bulb-model". In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-11 Alessandro Mirizzi , Pasquale Dario Serpico

The neutrino fast flavor instability (FFI) can change neutrino flavor on time scales of nanoseconds and length scales of centimeters. It is expected to be ubiquitous in core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers, potentially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-27 Sherwood Richers , Manibrata Sen

Neutrinos in a core-collapse supernova can undergo fast flavor conversions with a possible impact on the explosion mechanism and nucleosynthesis. We perform the first non-linear simulations of fast conversions in the presence of three…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-01-04 Francesco Capozzi , Madhurima Chakraborty , Sovan Chakraborty , Manibrata Sen

It has been recently pointed out that neutrino fluxes from a supernova can show substantial flavor conversions almost immediately above the core. Using linear stability analyses and numerical solutions of the fully nonlinear equations of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-02-16 Basudeb Dasgupta , Alessandro Mirizzi , Manibrata Sen

Neutrino flavor instabilities appear to be omnipresent in dense astrophysical environments, thus presenting a challenge to large-scale simulations of core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers (NSMs). Subgrid models offer a path…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-27 Sherwood Richers , Julien Froustey , Somdutta Ghosh , Francois Foucart , Javier Gomez

Fast neutrino flavor conversion can occur in core-collapse supernovae or compact binary merger remnants when non-forward collisions are also at play, and neutrinos are not fully decoupled from matter. This work aims to shed light on the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-10 Rasmus S. L. Hansen , Shashank Shalgar , Irene Tamborra

Neutrinos in core-collapse supernovae and neutron-star mergers are susceptible to flavor instabilities of three kinds: slow, fast, and collisional. Prior work has established mappings of the first two onto abstract mechanical systems in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-19 Lucas Johns , Santiago Rodriguez

Dense neutrino gases can exhibit collective flavor instabilities, triggering large flavor conversions that are driven primarily by neutrino-neutrino refraction. One broadly distinguishes between fast instabilities that exist in the limit of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-24 Damiano F. G. Fiorillo , Georg G. Raffelt