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Multi-energy CT takes advantage of the non-linearly varying attenuation properties of elemental media with respect to energy, enabling more precise material identification than single-energy CT. The increased precision comes with the cost…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-02-14 Jussi Toivanen , Alexander Meaney , Samuli Siltanen , Ville Kolehmainen

Fast data acquisition in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is vastly in demand and scan time directly depends on the number of acquired k-space samples. Recently, the deep learning-based MRI reconstruction techniques were suggested to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Ali Pour Yazdanpanah , Onur Afacan , Simon K. Warfield

Computed Tomography (CT) takes X-ray measurements on the subjects to reconstruct tomographic images. As X-ray is radioactive, it is desirable to control the total amount of dose of X-ray for safety concerns. Therefore, we can only select a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Ziju Shen , Yufei Wang , Dufan Wu , Xu Yang , Bin Dong

Low-dose computed tomography (CT) images suffer from noise and artifacts due to photon starvation and electronic noise. Recently, some works have attempted to use diffusion models to address the over-smoothness and training instability…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-10 Qi Gao , Zilong Li , Junping Zhang , Yi Zhang , Hongming Shan

Low-dose CT (LDCT) protocols reduce radiation exposure but increase image noise, compromising diagnostic confidence. Diffusion-based generative models have shown promise for LDCT denoising by learning image priors and performing iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Tomás de la Sotta , José M. Saavedra , Héctor Henríquez , Violeta Chang , Aline Xavier

Limited-angle computerized tomography stands for one of the most difficult challenges in imaging. Although it opens the way to faster data acquisition in industry and less dangerous scans in medicine, standard approaches, such as the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Bernadette Hahn , Gael Rigaud , Richard Schmähl

Through the use of carefully tailored convolutional neural network architectures, a deep image prior (DIP) can be used to obtain pre-images from latent representation encodings. Though DIP inversion has been known to be superior to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Vivek Narayanaswamy , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Andreas Spanias

Like in many other research fields, recent developments in computational imaging have focused on developing machine learning (ML) approaches to tackle its main challenges. To improve the performance of computational imaging algorithms,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-16 Maximilian B. Kiss , Ander Biguri , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , K. Joost Batenburg , Felix Lucka

Structured low-rank (SLR) algorithms, which exploit annihilation relations between the Fourier samples of a signal resulting from different properties, is a powerful image reconstruction framework in several applications. This scheme relies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Aniket Pramanik , Hemant Aggarwal , Mathews Jacob

We introduce a new algorithm for regularized reconstruction of multispectral (MS) images from noisy linear measurements. Unlike traditional approaches, the proposed algorithm regularizes the recovery problem by using a prior specified…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-23 Jiaming Liu , Yu Sun , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Reconstructing 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from a limited set of projections is an important inverse problem in many imaging applications from medicine to inertial confinement fusion (ICF). The performance of traditional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Xiaojian Xu , Marc Klasky , Michael T. McCann , Jason Hu , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging is widely used to reduce radiation exposure to mitigate high exposure side effects, but often suffers from noise and artifacts that affect diagnostic accuracy. To tackle this issue, deep learning models have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Taifour Yousra , Beghdadi Azeddine , Marie Luong , Zuheng Ming

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential diagnostic tool that suffers from prolonged scan times. Reconstruction methods can alleviate this limitation by recovering clinically usable images from accelerated acquisitions. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-09 Salman UH Dar , Şaban Öztürk , Muzaffer Özbey , Tolga Çukur

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is considered the gold standard of medical imaging because of the excellent soft-tissue contrast exhibited in the images reconstructed by the MRI pipeline, which in-turn enables the human radiologist to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-26 Divyam Madaan , Daniel Sodickson , Kyunghyun Cho , Sumit Chopra

Traditional X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning strategies typically select projection angles uniformly and allocate dose equally. In practice, however, CT scans often need to be fast, radiation-efficient, and adaptive. Sparse-view…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Tianyuan Wang , Daniël M. Pelt , Felix Lucka , Tristan van Leeuwen , K. Joost Batenburg

An approach to incorporate deep learning within an iterative image reconstruction framework to reconstruct images from severely incomplete measurement data is presented. Specifically, we utilize a convolutional neural network (CNN) as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Brendan Kelly , Thomas P. Matthews , Mark A. Anastasio

The importance of regularization has been well established in image reconstruction -- which is the computational inversion of imaging forward model -- with applications including deconvolution for microscopy, tomographic reconstruction,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-29 Sanjay Viswanath , Manu Ghulyani , Muthuvel Arigovindan

Compressed Sensing MRI (CS-MRI) has shown promise in reconstructing under-sampled MR images, offering the potential to reduce scan times. Classical techniques minimize a regularized least-squares cost function using an expensive iterative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-30 Alan Q. Wang , Adrian V. Dalca , Mert R. Sabuncu

Deep neural networks have received considerable attention in clinical imaging, particularly with respect to the reduction of radiation risk. Lowering the radiation dose by reducing the photon flux inevitably results in the degradation of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-14 Khalid L. Alsamadony , Ertugrul U. Yildirim , Guenther Glatz , Umair bin Waheed , Sherif M. Hanafy

Background: Dual-energy CT (DECT) and material decomposition play vital roles in quantitative medical imaging. However, the decomposition process may suffer from significant noise amplification, leading to severely degraded image…