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User simulation is an emerging interdisciplinary topic with multiple critical applications in the era of Generative AI. It involves creating an intelligent agent that mimics the actions of a human user interacting with an AI system,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Krisztian Balog , ChengXiang Zhai

In the world of Information Technology, new computing paradigms, driven by requirements of different classes of problems and applications, emerge rapidly. These new computing paradigms pose many new research challenges. Researchers from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Rajkumar Buyya , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Satish Narayana Srirama , Rami Bahsoon , San Murugesan

In the past several years, we have taken advantage of a number of opportunities to advance the intersection of next generation high-performance computing AI and big data technologies through partnerships in precision medicine. Today we are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Edmon Begoli , Jim Brase , Bambi DeLaRosa , Penelope Jones , Dimitri Kusnezov , Jason Paragas , Rick Stevens , Fred Streitz , Georgia Tourassi

Decades of research in artificial intelligence (AI) have produced formidable technologies that are providing immense benefit to industry, government, and society. AI systems can now translate across multiple languages, identify objects in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Yolanda Gil , Bart Selman

Simulation especially real-time simulation have been widely used for the design and testing of real-time systems. The advancement of simulation tools has largely attributed to the evolution of computing technologies. With the reduced cost…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Xi Zheng

Simulation is an integral part in the process of developing autonomous vehicles and advantageous for training, validation, and verification of driving functions. Even though simulations come with a series of benefits compared to real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Ferdinand Mütsch , Helen Gremmelmaier , Nicolas Becker , Daniel Bogdoll , Marc René Zofka , J. Marius Zöllner

Scientific discovery is a complex cognitive process that has driven human knowledge and technological progress for centuries. While artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant advances in automating aspects of scientific reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chandan K Reddy , Parshin Shojaee

The ubiquitous presence of computer simulations in all kinds of research areas evidence their role as the new driving force for the advancement of science and engineering research. Nothing seems to escape the image of success that computer…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Juan M. Durán

The ever increasing demands placed upon machine performance have resulted in the need for more comprehensive particle accelerator modeling. Computer simulations are key to the success of particle accelerators. Many aspects of particle…

While artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing rapidly and mastering increasingly complex problems with astonishing performance, the safety assurance of such systems is a major concern. Particularly in the context of safety-critical,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Lars Ullrich , Walter Zimmer , Ross Greer , Knut Graichen , Alois C. Knoll , Mohan Trivedi

Artificial intelligence (AI) raises expectations of substantial increases in rates of technological and scientific progress, but such anticipations are often not connected to detailed ground-level studies of AI use in innovation processes.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-21 John P. Nelson , Olajide Olugbade , Philip Shapira , Justin B. Biddle

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), it is foreseeable that the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic analysis for future power system will be greatly improved by the integration of dynamic simulators and AI. To explore…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-21 Tannan Xiao , Ying Chen , Jianquan Wang , Shaowei Huang , Weilin Tong , Tirui He

This paper presents the principal challenges and opportunities associated with computational biomechanics research. The underlying cognitive control involved in the process of human motion is inherently complex, dynamic, multidimensional,…

AI technologies, including deep learning, large-language models have gone from one breakthrough to the other. As a result, we are witnessing growing excitement in robotics at the prospect of leveraging the potential of AI to tackle some of…

Diffusion models, a powerful and universal generative AI technology, have achieved tremendous success in computer vision, audio, reinforcement learning, and computational biology. In these applications, diffusion models provide flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Minshuo Chen , Song Mei , Jianqing Fan , Mengdi Wang

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) marks a pivotal moment in human history. It presents the opportunity for machines to learn, adapt, and perform tasks that have the potential to assist people, from everyday activities to their…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-02 Guy Ben-Ishai , Jeff Dean , James Manyika , Ruth Porat , Hal Varian , Kent Walker

Computing is a critical driving force in the development of human civilization. In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of intelligent computing, a new computing paradigm that is reshaping traditional computing and promoting…

Since the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have applied restrictions in order to slow down its spreading. However, creating such policies is hard, especially because the government needs to trade-off the spreading of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

We review the historical development and current trends of artificially intelligent agents (agentic AI) in the social and behavioral sciences: from the first programmable computers, and social simulations soon thereafter, to today's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Petter Holme , Milena Tsvetkova

Simulations play important and diverse roles in statistical workflows, for example, in model specification, checking, validation, and even directly in model inference. Over the past decades, the application areas and overall potential of…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-27 Paul-Christian Bürkner , Marvin Schmitt , Stefan T. Radev
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