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We present the first scalable bound analysis that achieves amortized complexity analysis. In contrast to earlier work, our bound analysis is not based on general purpose reasoners such as abstract interpreters, software model checkers or…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-06-04 Moritz Sinn , Florian Zuleger , Helmut Veith

We present lightweight and generic symbolic methods to improve the precison of numerical static analyses based on Abstract Interpretation. The main idea is to simplify numerical expressions before they are fed to abstract transfer…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-08-14 Antoine Miné

Tree ensemble models like random forests and gradient boosting machines are widely used in machine learning due to their excellent predictive performance. However, a high-performance ensemble consisting of a large number of decision trees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-28 Zebin Yang , Agus Sudjianto , Xiaoming Li , Aijun Zhang

Generalized planning aims to learn policies that generalize across collections of instances within a classical planning domain. Recent Graph Neural Network (GNN) approaches have learned nearly perfect policies for several domains. This work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Michael Aichmüller , Simon Ståhlberg , Martin Funkquist , Hector Geffner

Speculative decoding (SD) has become a standard technique for accelerating LLM inference without sacrificing output quality. Recent advances in speculative decoding have shifted from sequential chain-based drafting to tree-structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tianyu Liu , Qitan Lv , Yuhao Shen , Xiao Sun , Xiaoyan Sun

We present an axiomatic framework for analyzing the algorithmic properties of decision trees. This framework supports the classification of decision tree problems through structural and ancestral constraints within a rigorous mathematical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Xi He , Max A. Little

Sharing, an abstract domain developed by D. Jacobs and A. Langen for the analysis of logic programs, derives useful aliasing information. It is well-known that a commonly used core of techniques, such as the integration of Sharing with…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Roberto Bagnara , Enea Zaffanella , Patricia M. Hill

In a software product line (SPL), a collection of software products is defined by their commonalities in terms of features rather than explicitly specifying all products one-by-one. Several verification techniques were adapted to establish…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-12-31 Clemens Dubslaff , Sascha Klüppelholz , Christel Baier

Decision trees are ubiquitous in machine learning for their ease of use and interpretability. Yet, these models are not typically employed in reinforcement learning as they cannot be updated online via stochastic gradient descent. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Andrew Silva , Taylor Killian , Ivan Dario Jimenez Rodriguez , Sung-Hyun Son , Matthew Gombolay

This article presents a type-based analysis for deriving upper bounds on the expected execution cost of probabilistic programs. The analysis is naturally compositional, parametric in the cost model, and supports higher order functions and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Di Wang , David M Kahn , Jan Hoffmann

Ensembles of decision trees perform well on many problems, but are not interpretable. In contrast to existing approaches in interpretability that focus on explaining relationships between features and predictions, we propose an alternative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-26 Sarah Tan , Matvey Soloviev , Giles Hooker , Martin T. Wells

We present a novel general resource analysis for logic programs based on sized types.Sized types are representations that incorporate structural (shape) information and allow expressing both lower and upper bounds on the size of a set of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-08-20 Alejandro Serrano , Pedro López-García , Manuel Hermenegildo

We establish a computation-substrate-agnostic inference architecture in which domain is an explicit first-class computational parameter. This produces domain-scoped pruning that reduces per-query search space from O(N) to O(N/K),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chao Li , Yuru Wang , Chunyi Zhao

Tree-structured neural network architectures for sentence encoding draw inspiration from the approach to semantic composition generally seen in formal linguistics, and have shown empirical improvements over comparable sequence models by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 WooJin Chung , Sheng-Fu Wang , Samuel R. Bowman

Starting from a linear fractional representation of a linear system affected by constant parametric uncertainties, we demonstrate how to enhance standard robust analysis tests by taking available (noisy) input-output data of the uncertain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-27 Tobias Holicki , Carsten W. Scherer

A symbolic-computational algorithm, fully implemented in Maple, is described, that computes explicit expressions for generating functions that enable the efficient computations of the expectation, variance, and higher moments, of the random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-22 Andrew Lohr , Doron Zeilberger

Logic languages based on the theory of rational, possibly infinite, trees have much appeal in that rational trees allow for faster unification (due to the safe omission of the occurs-check) and increased expressivity (cyclic terms can…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Roberto Bagnara , Roberta Gori , Patricia M. Hill , Enea Zaffanella

Analyzing non-compilable C/C++ submodules without a resolved build environment remains a critical bottleneck for industrial software evolution. Traditional static analysis tools often fail in these scenarios due to their reliance on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Jaid Monwar Chowdhury , Ahmad Farhan Shahriar Chowdhury , Humayra Binte Monwar , Mahmuda Naznin

Context. Variability-intensive programs (program families) appear in many application areas and for many reasons today. Different family members, called variants, are derived by switching statically configurable options (features) on and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-02-01 Alexandru Florin Iosif-Lazar , Jean Melo , Aleksandar S. Dimovski , Claus Brabrand , Andrzej Wasowski

The traditional abstract domain framework for imperative programs suffers from several shortcomings; in particular it does not allow precise symbolic abstractions. To solve these problems, we propose a new abstract interpretation framework,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Matthieu Lemerre , Sébastien Bardin