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Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are an important formal framework for the uniform treatment of various prominent AI tasks, e.g., coloring or scheduling problems. Solving CSPs is, in general, known to be NP-complete and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Hubie Chen , Georg Gottlob , Matthias Lanzinger , Reinhard Pichler

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) for first-order reducts of finitely bounded homogeneous structures form a large class of computational problems that might exhibit a complexity dichotomy, P versus NP-complete. A powerful method to…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Manuel Bodirsky , Bertalan Bodor

We study the Constraint Satisfaction Problem CSP(A), where A is first-order definable in (Z;+,1) and contains +. We prove such problems are either in P or NP-complete.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Manuel Bodirsky , Barnaby Martin , Marcello Mamino , Antoine Mottet

Finite-domain constraint satisfaction problems are either solvable by Datalog, or not even expressible in fixed-point logic with counting. The border between the two regimes coincides with an important dichotomy in universal algebra; in…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-06-08 Manuel Bodirsky , Jakub Rydval

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a problem of computing a homomorphism $\mathbf{R}\to \mathbf{\Gamma}$ between two relational structures, where $\mathbf{R}$ is defined over a domain $V$ and $\mathbf{\Gamma}$ is defined over a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Rustem Takhanov

Many natural combinatorial problems can be expressed as constraint satisfaction problems. This class of problems is known to be NP-complete in general, but certain restrictions on the form of the constraints can ensure tractability. The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Dmitriy Zhuk

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a general problem central to computer science and artificial intelligence. Although the CSP is NP-hard in general, considerable effort has been spent on identifying tractable subclasses. The main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-09 David A. Cohen , Martin C. Cooper , Páidí Creed , András Z. Salamon

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) and its quantified extensions, whether without (QCSP) or with disjunction (QCSP_or), correspond naturally to the model checking problem for three increasingly stronger fragments of positive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-04-27 Florent Madelaine , Barnaby Martin

Many natural decision problems can be formulated as constraint satisfaction problems for reducts $\mathbb{A}$ of finitely bounded homogeneous structures. This class of problems is a large generalisation of the class of CSPs over finite…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Manuel Bodirsky , Antoine Mottet

Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs, for short) make up a class of problems with applications in many areas of computer science. The first classification of these problems was given by Schaeffer who showed that every CSP over the domain…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Dejan Delic , John Marcoux

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) can be formulated as a homomorphism problem between relational structures: given a structure $\mathcal{A}$, for any structure $\mathcal{X}$, whether there exists a homomorphism from $\mathcal{X}$ to…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Azza Gaysin

A famous result by Jeavons, Cohen, and Gyssens shows that every constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) where the constraints are preserved by a semi-lattice operation can be solved in polynomial time. This is one of the basic facts for the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-11-30 Manuel Bodirsky , Dugald Macpherson , Johan Thapper

Many fundamental problems in artificial intelligence, knowledge representation, and verification involve reasoning about sets and relations between sets and can be modeled as set constraint satisfaction problems (set CSPs). Such problems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Manuel Bodirsky , Martin Hils , Alex Krimkevich

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) consist of a set of variables taking values from some finite domain and a set of local constraints on these variables. The objective is to find an assignment to the variables that maximizes the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Amey Bhangale , Yezhou Zhang

Let \Gamma be a structure with a finite relational signature and a first-order definition in (R;*,+) with parameters from R, that is, a relational structure over the real numbers where all relations are semi-algebraic sets. In this article,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Manuel Bodirsky , Peter Jonsson , Timo von Oertzen

A temporal constraint language is a set of relations that are first-order definable over (Q;<). We show that several temporal constraint languages whose constraint satisfaction problem is maximally tractable are also maximally tractable for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Manuel Bodirsky , Hubie Chen , Michał Wrona

We study the complexity of infinite-domain constraint satisfaction problems: our basic setting is that a complexity classification for the CSPs of first-order expansions of a structure $\mathfrak A$ can be transferred to a classification of…

We initiate a systematic study of the computational complexity of the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) over finite structures that may contain both relations and operations. We show the close connection between this problem and a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Libor Barto , William DeMeo , Antoine Mottet

The CSP (constraint satisfaction problems) is a class of problems deciding whether there exists a homomorphism from an instance relational structure to a target one. The CSP dichotomy is a profound result recently proved by Zhuk (2020, J.…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-01-13 Azza Gaysin

We initiate the study of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) in the presence of counting quantifiers, which may be seen as variants of CSPs in the mould of quantified CSPs (QCSPs). We show that a single counting quantifier strictly…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-12-14 Florent Madelaine , Barnaby Martin , Juraj Stacho