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The Minimum Circuit Size Problem for Partial Functions ($MCSP^*$) is hard assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) (Ilango, 2020). This breakthrough hardness result leveraged a characterization of the optimal $\{\land, \lor, \neg\}$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Marco Carmosino , Ngu Dang , Tim Jackman

We construct $n$-node graphs on which any $O(n)$-size spanner has additive error at least $+\Omega(n^{3/17})$, improving on the previous best lower bound of $\Omega(n^{1/7})$ [Bodwin-Hoppenworth FOCS '22]. Our construction completes the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Greg Bodwin , Gary Hoppenworth , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Nicole Wein , Zixuan Xu

We present a combinatorial algorithm for computing exact maximum flows in directed graphs with $n$ vertices and edge capacities from $\{1,\dots,U\}$ in $n^{2+o(1)}\log U$ time, which is almost optimal in dense graphs. Our algorithm is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Aaron Bernstein , Joakim Blikstad , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Ta-Wei Tu

Computing all-pairs shortest paths is a fundamental and much-studied problem with many applications. Unfortunately, despite intense study, there are still no significantly faster algorithms for it than the $\mathcal{O}(n^3)$ time algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Stefan Kratsch , Florian Nelles

We present a new randomized method for computing the min-plus product (a.k.a., tropical product) of two $n \times n$ matrices, yielding a faster algorithm for solving the all-pairs shortest path problem (APSP) in dense $n$-node directed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Ryan Williams

We present two new and efficient algorithms for computing all-pairs shortest paths. The algorithms operate on directed graphs with real (possibly negative) weights. They make use of directed path consistency along a vertex ordering d. Both…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Léon R. Planken , Mathijs M. de Weerdt , Roman P. J. van der Krogt

Calculating the diameter of an undirected graph requires quadratic running time under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis and this barrier works even against any approximation better than 3/2. For planar graphs with positive edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Michał Włodarczyk

Software methods introduced for automated design of approximate implementations of arithmetic circuits rely on fast and accurate evaluation of approximate candidate implementations. To accelerate the evaluation of circuit error, we propose…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Vojtech Mrazek

In this work, we present a class of new designs for reversible binary and BCD adder circuits. The proposed designs are primarily optimized for the number of ancilla inputs and the number of garbage outputs and are designed for possible best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-08 Himanshu Thapliyal , Nagarajan Ranganathan

We contribute a 2D nearest-neighbor quantum architecture for Shor's algorithm to factor an $n$-bit number in $O(\log^2(n))$ depth. Our implementation uses parallel phase estimation, constant-depth fanout and teleportation, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-23 Paul Pham , Krysta M. Svore

We investigate the complexity of uniform OR circuits and AND circuits of polynomial-size and depth. As their name suggests, OR circuits have OR gates as their computation gates, as well as the usual input, output and constant (0/1) gates.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Niall Murphy , Damien Woods

We present an efficient addition circuit, borrowing techniques from the classical carry-lookahead arithmetic circuit. Our quantum carry-lookahead (QCLA) adder accepts two n-bit numbers and adds them in O(log n) depth using O(n) ancillary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-03 Thomas G. Draper , Samuel A. Kutin , Eric M. Rains , Krysta M. Svore

Let $ACC \circ THR$ be the class of constant-depth circuits comprised of AND, OR, and MOD$m$ gates (for some constant $m > 1$), with a bottom layer of gates computing arbitrary linear threshold functions. This class of circuits can be seen…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-01-13 Ryan Williams

Qutrit (or ternary) structures arise naturally in many quantum systems, particularly in certain non-abelian anyon systems. We present efficient circuits for ternary reversible and quantum arithmetics. Our main result is the derivation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-13 Alex Bocharov , Shawn X. Cui , Martin Roetteler , Krysta M. Svore

Let $P$ be a path graph of $n$ vertices embedded in a metric space. We consider the problem of adding a new edge to $P$ to minimize the radius of the resulting graph. Previously, a similar problem for minimizing the diameter of the graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Christopher Johnson , Haitao Wang

Binary cyclic codes are worth studying due to their applications and theoretical importance. It is an important problem to construct an infinite family of cyclic codes with large minimum distance $d$ and dual distance $d^{\perp}$. In recent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lingqi Zheng , Weijun Fang , Rongxing Qiu

We extend the well known bottleneck paths problem in two directions for directed unweighted (unit edge cost) graphs with positive real edge capacities. Firstly we narrow the problem domain and compute the bottleneck of the entire network in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-06-26 Tong-Wook Shinn , Tadao Takaoka

Arithmetic operations are an important component of many quantum algorithms. As such, coming up with optimized quantum circuits for these operations leads to more efficient implementations of the corresponding algorithms. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Priyanka Mukhopadhyay , Alexandru Gheorghiu , Hari Krovi

We build boolean circuits of size $O(nm^2)$ and depth $O(\log(n) + m \log(m))$ for sorting $n$ integers each of $m$-bits. We build also circuits that sort $n$ integers each of $m$-bits according to their first $k$ bits that are of size…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Michal Koucký , Karel Král

We present an $O(\log d + \log\log_{m/n} n)$-time randomized PRAM algorithm for computing the connected components of an $n$-vertex, $m$-edge undirected graph with maximum component diameter $d$. The algorithm runs on an ARBITRARY CRCW…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-22 S. Cliff Liu , Robert E. Tarjan , Peilin Zhong