Related papers: The Retina as a Dynamical System
Dynamic heterogeneity is now recognised as a central aspect of structural relaxation in disordered materials with slow dynamics, and was the focus of intense research in the last decade. Here we describe how initial, indirect observations…
We examine here various aspects of the statics and dynamics of disordered elastic systems such as manifolds and periodic systems. Although these objects look very similar and indeed share some underlying physics, periodic systems constitute…
Newtonian dynamical systems accepting the normal shift on an arbitrary Riemannian manifold are considered. Partial differential equations forming the weak and additional normality conditions for them are reported.
Emergence is a phenomenon taken for granted in science but also still not well understood. We have developed a model of artificial genetic evolution intended to allow for emergence on genetic, population and social levels. We present the…
Dynamical systems at the edge of chaos, which have been considered as models of self-organization phenomena, are marked by their ability to perform nontrivial computations. To distinguish them from systems with limited computing power, we…
Random boolean networks are a model of genetic regulatory networks that has proven able to describe experimental data in biology. They not only reproduce important phenomena in cell dynamics, but they are also extremely interesting from a…
Spatio-temporal network dynamics is an emergent property of many complex systems which remains poorly understood. We suggest a new approach to its study based on the analysis of dynamical motifs -- small subnetworks with periodic and…
Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is an involuntary eye movement responsible for stabilizing retinal images in the presence of relative motion between an observer and the environment. Fully understanding the development of optokinetic nystagmus…
A neural network theory of visual perception and recognition is presented. Information flows both from the retina to the brain and from the brain to the retina. A report that when a scene is perceived 50 retinal cells are much more active…
I present a simple view of nonlinear optcal phenomena as being determined mostly by the length of interaction time between photons and matter. This may explain why in the last decades the progress in developing better nonlinear materials…
Many eye diseases like Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), and Glaucoma manifest in the retina, can cause irreversible blindness or severely impair the central version. The Optical Coherence Tomography…
Helicity plays a unique role as an integral invariant of a dynamical system. In this paper, the concept of helicity in the general setting of Hamiltonian dynamics is discussed. It is shown, through examples, how the conservation of overall…
Presented is description of kinematics and dynamics of material points with internal degrees of freedom moving in a Riemannian manifold. The models of internal degrees of freedom we concentrate on are based on the orthogonal and affine…
The purpose of this chapter is to discuss methods of acquisition, visualization and analysis of the dynamics of a complex biomedical system, illustrated by the human stomatognathic system. The stomatognathic system consists of the teeth and…
Stroke is a major public health problem, affecting millions worldwide. Deep learning has recently demonstrated promise for enhancing the diagnosis and risk prediction of stroke. However, existing methods rely on costly medical imaging…
Dynamics, the physical change in time and a pillar of natural sciences, can be regarded as an emergent phenomenon when the system of interest is part of a larger, static one. This "relational approach to time", in which the system's…
Networks are a widely used and efficient paradigm to model real-world systems where basic units interact pairwise. Many body interactions are often at play, and cannot be modelled by resorting to binary exchanges. In this work, we consider…
The eye lens is the most characteristic example of mammalian tissues exhibiting complex colloidal behaviour. In this paper we briefly describe how dynamics in colloidal suspensions can help addressing selected aspects of lens cataract which…
Dynamic networks consist of interconnected dynamical systems. The subsystems can be viewed as transformations of input signals into output signals, where signals flow from one system into another through interconnections. The signal flows…
Time-discrete dynamical systems on a finite state space have been used with great success to model natural and engineered systems such as biological networks, social networks, and engineered control systems. They have the advantage of being…