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Trajectory prediction and behavioral decision-making are two important tasks for autonomous vehicles that require good understanding of the environmental context; behavioral decisions are better made by referring to the outputs of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Hongyu Hu , Qi Wang , Zhengguang Zhang , Zhengyi Li , Zhenhai Gao

Deep learning architectures with powerful reasoning capabilities have driven significant advancements in autonomous driving technology. Large language models (LLMs) applied in this field can describe driving scenes and behaviors with a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yizhou Huang , Yihua Cheng , Kezhi Wang

We present CEMA: Causal Explanations in Multi-Agent systems; a framework for creating causal natural language explanations of an agent's decisions in dynamic sequential multi-agent systems to build more trustworthy autonomous agents. Unlike…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Balint Gyevnar , Cheng Wang , Christopher G. Lucas , Shay B. Cohen , Stefano V. Albrecht

Human drivers adeptly navigate complex scenarios by utilizing rich attentional semantics, but the current autonomous systems struggle to replicate this ability, as they often lose critical semantic information when converting 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Pei Liu , Haipeng Liu , Haichao Liu , Xin Liu , Jinxin Ni , Jun Ma

In autonomous driving, perceiving the driving behaviors of surrounding agents is important for the ego-vehicle to make a reasonable decision. In this paper, we propose a neural network model based on trajectories information for driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 He Zhang , Zhixiong Nan , Tao Yang , Yifan Liu , Nanning Zheng

Autonomous driving has a natural bi-level structure. The goal of the upper behavioural layer is to provide appropriate lane change, speeding up, and braking decisions to optimize a given driving task. However, this layer can only indirectly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Arun Kumar Singh , Jatan Shrestha , Nicola Albarella

Traffic accident anticipation aims to accurately and promptly predict the occurrence of a future accident from dashcam videos, which is vital for a safety-guaranteed self-driving system. To encourage an early and accurate decision, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Wentao Bao , Qi Yu , Yu Kong

Autonomous driving holds transformative potential but remains fundamentally constrained by the limited perception and isolated decision-making with standalone intelligence. While recent multi-agent approaches introduce cooperation, they…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Ziyi Song , Chen Xia , Chenbing Wang , Haibao Yu , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

By dynamic planning, we refer to the ability of the human brain to infer and impose motor trajectories related to cognitive decisions. A recent paradigm, active inference, brings fundamental insights into the adaptation of biological…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Matteo Priorelli , Ivilin Peev Stoianov

An open problem in autonomous driving research is modeling human driving behavior, which is needed for the planning component of the autonomy stack, safety validation through traffic simulation, and causal inference for generating…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-15 Raunak P. Bhattacharyya , Kyle Brown , Juanran Wang , Katherine Driggs-Campbell , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

The quest for fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) capable of navigating complex real-world scenarios with human-like understanding and responsiveness. In this paper, we introduce Dolphins, a novel vision-language model architected to imbibe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Yingzi Ma , Yulong Cao , Jiachen Sun , Marco Pavone , Chaowei Xiao

Behavior planning and decision-making are some of the biggest challenges for highly automated systems. A fully automated vehicle (AV) is confronted with numerous tactical and strategical choices. Most state-of-the-art AV platforms implement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Piotr Franciszek Orzechowski , Christoph Burger , Martin Lauer

Autonomous driving system aims for safe and social-consistent driving through the behavioral integration among interactive agents. However, challenges remain due to multi-agent scene uncertainty and heterogeneous interaction. Current dense…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Haochen Liu , Li Chen , Yu Qiao , Chen Lv , Hongyang Li

The safety of an automated vehicle hinges crucially upon the accuracy of perception and decision-making latency. Under these stringent requirements, future automated cars are usually equipped with multi-modal sensors such as cameras and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Zhendong Wang , Xiaoming Zeng , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Yang Hu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as reasoning engines in autonomous driving, yet their decision-making remains opaque. We propose to study their decision process through counterfactual explanations, which identify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Amaia Cardiel , Eloi Zablocki , Elias Ramzi , Eric Gaussier

Sophisticated user interaction in the automotive industry is a fast emerging topic. Mid-air gestures and speech already have numerous applications for driver-car interaction. Additionally, multimodal approaches are being developed to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Abdul Rafey Aftab , Michael von der Beeck , Michael Feld

Multi-sensor fusion plays a critical role in enhancing perception for autonomous driving, overcoming individual sensor limitations, and enabling comprehensive environmental understanding. This paper first formalizes multi-sensor fusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chuheng Wei , Ziye Qin , Ziyan Zhang , Guoyuan Wu , Matthew J. Barth

Effectiveness and interpretability are two essential properties for trustworthy AI systems. Most recent studies in visual reasoning are dedicated to improving the accuracy of predicted answers, and less attention is paid to explaining the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Shi Chen , Qi Zhao

The potential to improve road safety, reduce human driving error, and promote environmental sustainability have enabled the field of autonomous driving to progress rapidly over recent decades. The performance of autonomous vehicles has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Sara Montese , Victor Gimenez-Abalos , Atia Cortés , Ulises Cortés , Sergio Alvarez-Napagao

Accurate driver attention prediction can serve as a critical reference for intelligent vehicles in understanding traffic scenes and making informed driving decisions. Though existing studies on driver attention prediction improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Dongyang Xu , Qingfan Wang , Ji Ma , Xiangyun Zeng , Lei Chen