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The rise of model sharing through frameworks and dedicated hubs makes Machine Learning significantly more accessible. Despite its benefits, loading shared models exposes users to underexplored security risks, while security awareness…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Gabriele Digregorio , Marco Di Gennaro , Stefano Zanero , Stefano Longari , Michele Carminati

As machine learning (ML) systems expand in both scale and functionality, the security landscape has become increasingly complex, with a proliferation of attacks and defenses. However, existing studies largely treat these threats in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Zhenyi Wang , Siyu Luan

To cope with the increasing variability and sophistication of modern attacks, machine learning has been widely adopted as a statistically-sound tool for malware detection. However, its security against well-crafted attacks has not only been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Ambra Demontis , Marco Melis , Battista Biggio , Davide Maiorca , Daniel Arp , Konrad Rieck , Igino Corona , Giorgio Giacinto , Fabio Roli

Despite the large body of academic work on machine learning security, little is known about the occurrence of attacks on machine learning systems in the wild. In this paper, we report on a quantitative study with 139 industrial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Kathrin Grosse , Lukas Bieringer , Tarek Richard Besold , Battista Biggio , Katharina Krombholz

There is growing recognition that machine learning (ML) exposes new security and privacy vulnerabilities in software systems, yet the technical community's understanding of the nature and extent of these vulnerabilities remains limited but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Nicolas Papernot

This paper surveys the landscape of security and data attacks on machine unlearning, with a focus on financial and e-commerce applications. We discuss key privacy threats such as Membership Inference Attacks and Data Reconstruction Attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Carl E. J. Brodzinski

While Machine Learning (ML) technologies are widely adopted in many mission critical fields to support intelligent decision-making, concerns remain about system resilience against ML-specific security attacks and privacy breaches as well as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Pulei Xiong , Scott Buffett , Shahrear Iqbal , Philippe Lamontagne , Mohammad Mamun , Heather Molyneaux

Machine learning (ML) has become a core component of many real-world applications and training data is a key factor that drives current progress. This huge success has led Internet companies to deploy machine learning as a service (MLaaS).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Ahmed Salem , Yang Zhang , Mathias Humbert , Pascal Berrang , Mario Fritz , Michael Backes

Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been rapidly adopted by smart Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) due to their powerful decision-making capabilities. However, they are vulnerable to various security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Muhammad Shafique , Mahum Naseer , Theocharis Theocharides , Christos Kyrkou , Onur Mutlu , Lois Orosa , Jungwook Choi

Software systems are increasingly relying on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) components. The emerging popularity of AI techniques in various application domains attracts malicious actors and adversaries. Therefore,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Mohamad Fazelnia , Igor Khokhlov , Mehdi Mirakhorli

This review paper takes a comprehensive look at malicious attacks against FL, categorizing them from new perspectives on attack origins and targets, and providing insights into their methodology and impact. In this survey, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Xianghua Xie , Chen Hu , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng

Federated learning is emerging as a machine learning technique that trains a model across multiple decentralized parties. It is renowned for preserving privacy as the data never leaves the computational devices, and recent approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Yuchen Li , Yifan Bao , Liyao Xiang , Junhan Liu , Cen Chen , Li Wang , Xinbing Wang

Machine learning algorithms are used to construct a mathematical model for a system based on training data. Such a model is capable of making highly accurate predictions without being explicitly programmed to do so. These techniques have a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Cato Pauling , Michael Gimson , Muhammed Qaid , Ahmad Kida , Basel Halak

Machine learning algorithms increasingly influence our decisions and interact with us in all parts of our daily lives. Therefore, just as we consider the safety of power plants, highways, and a variety of other engineered socio-technical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Kush R. Varshney , Homa Alemzadeh

Federated learning is a decentralized machine learning approach where clients train models locally and share model updates to develop a global model. This enables low-resource devices to collaboratively build a high-quality model without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Li Bai , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Haoyang Li , Leixia Wang , Jianliang Xu

Securing enterprise networks presents challenges in terms of both their size and distributed structure. Data required to detect and characterize malicious activities may be diffused and may be located across network and endpoint devices.…

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly being deployed in critical systems. The data dependence of ML makes securing data used to train and test ML-enabled systems of utmost importance. While the field of cybersecurity has well-established…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Padmaksha Roy , Jaganmohan Chandrasekaran , Erin Lanus , Laura Freeman , Jeremy Werner

As machine learning systems grow in scale, so do their training data requirements, forcing practitioners to automate and outsource the curation of training data in order to achieve state-of-the-art performance. The absence of trustworthy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Micah Goldblum , Dimitris Tsipras , Chulin Xie , Xinyun Chen , Avi Schwarzschild , Dawn Song , Aleksander Madry , Bo Li , Tom Goldstein

The robustness of modern machine learning (ML) models has become an increasing concern within the community. The ability to subvert a model into making errant predictions using seemingly inconsequential changes to input is startling, as is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Edward Raff , Michel Benaroch , Andrew L. Farris

Machine Learning (ML) models are susceptible to evasion attacks. Evasion accuracy is typically assessed using aggregate evasion rate, and it is an open question whether aggregate evasion rate enables feature-level diagnosis on the effect of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Abderrahmen Amich , Birhanu Eshete