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Recent years have witnessed the proliferation of offensive content online such as fake news, propaganda, misinformation, and disinformation. While initially this was mostly about textual content, over time images and videos gained…

Combating fake news and misinformation propagation is a challenging task in the post-truth era. News feed and search algorithms could potentially lead to unintentional large-scale propagation of false and fabricated information with users…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Sina Mohseni , Fan Yang , Shiva Pentyala , Mengnan Du , Yi Liu , Nic Lupfer , Xia Hu , Shuiwang Ji , Eric Ragan

Misinformation spread through social media has become a fundamental challenge in modern society. Recent studies have evaluated various strategies for addressing this problem, such as by modifying social media platforms or educating people…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Jacqueline Urakami , Yeongdae Kim , Hiroki Oura , Katie Seaborn

Accurate detection and classification of online hate is a difficult task. Implicit hate is particularly challenging as such content tends to have unusual syntax, polysemic words, and fewer markers of prejudice (e.g., slurs). This problem is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Austin Botelho , Bertie Vidgen , Scott A. Hale

The rapid advancement of generative models in creating highly realistic images poses substantial risks for misinformation dissemination. For instance, a synthetic image, when shared on social media, can mislead extensive audiences and erode…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhenglin Huang , Jinwei Hu , Xiangtai Li , Yiwei He , Xingyu Zhao , Bei Peng , Baoyuan Wu , Xiaowei Huang , Guangliang Cheng

Humans naturally communicate through abstract concepts like "mood". However, current image editing benchmarks focus primarily on explicit, literal commands, leaving abstract instructions largely underexplored. In this work, we first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Mor Ventura , Roy Hirsch , Yonatan Bitton , Regev Cohen , Roi Reichart

Explainability and interpretability of AI models is an essential factor affecting the safety of AI. While various explainable AI (XAI) approaches aim at mitigating the lack of transparency in deep networks, the evidence of the effectiveness…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Kamran Alipour , Jurgen P. Schulze , Yi Yao , Avi Ziskind , Giedrius Burachas

Social media content routinely incorporates multi-modal design to covey information and shape meanings, and sway interpretations toward desirable implications, but the choices and outcomes of using both texts and visual images have not been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Mesut Erhan Unal , Adriana Kovashka , Wen-Ting Chung , Yu-Ru Lin

In this paper, we delve into the rapidly evolving challenge of misinformation detection, with a specific focus on the nuanced manipulation of narrative frames - an under-explored area within the AI community. The potential for Generative AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Guan Wang , Rebecca Frederick , Jinglong Duan , William Wong , Verica Rupar , Weihua Li , Quan Bai

Any report frames issues to favor a particular interpretation by highlighting or excluding certain aspects of a story. Despite the widespread use of framing in disinformation, framing properties and detection methods remain underexplored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Antonina Sinelnik , Dirk Hovy

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong multimodal reasoning capabilities on Visual-Question-Answering (VQA) benchmarks. However, their robustness against textual misinformation remains under-explored. While existing research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Chi Zhang , Wenxuan Ding , Jiale Liu , Mingrui Wu , Qingyun Wu , Ray Mooney

Computing author intent from multimodal data like Instagram posts requires modeling a complex relationship between text and image. For example, a caption might evoke an ironic contrast with the image, so neither caption nor image is a mere…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Julia Kruk , Jonah Lubin , Karan Sikka , Xiao Lin , Dan Jurafsky , Ajay Divakaran

The prevalence and harms of online misinformation is a perennial concern for internet platforms, institutions and society at large. Over time, information shared online has become more media-heavy and misinformation has readily adapted to…

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) and multimodal learning has transformed digital content creation and manipulation. Traditional visual editing tools require significant expertise, limiting accessibility. Recent strides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Thanh Tam Nguyen , Zhao Ren , Trinh Pham , Thanh Trung Huynh , Phi Le Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen

Social media platforms often assume that users can self-correct against misinformation. However, social media users are not equally susceptible to all misinformation as their biases influence what types of misinformation might thrive and…

Cheapfakes, or real images presented misleadingly or in unrelated contexts, are an increasingly prominent form of visual misinformation. While media literacy interventions can enhance individuals' ability to detect such content,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sijia Qian , Cuihua Shen , Jingwen Zhang , Magdalena Wojcieszak

Multimodal Misinformation Detection (MMD) refers to the task of detecting social media posts involving misinformation, where the post often contains text and image modalities. However, by observing the MMD posts, we hold that the text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Bing Wang , Ximing Li , Yanjun Wang , Changchun Li , Lin Yuanbo Wu , Buyu Wang , Shengsheng Wang

The spread of misinformation on social media platforms threatens democratic processes, contributes to massive economic losses, and endangers public health. Many efforts to address misinformation focus on a knowledge deficit model and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Saadia Gabriel , Liang Lyu , James Siderius , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Jacob Andreas , Asu Ozdaglar

Nowadays, the widespread dissemination of misinformation across numerous social media platforms has led to severe negative effects on society. To address this challenge, the automatic detection of misinformation, particularly under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Bing Wang , Ximing Li , Changchun Li , Jinjin Chi , Tianze Li , Renchu Guan , Shengsheng Wang

We introduce a new type of indirect, cross-modal injection attacks against visual language models that enable creation of self-interpreting images. These images contain hidden "meta-instructions" that control how models answer users'…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Tingwei Zhang , Collin Zhang , John X. Morris , Eugene Bagdasarian , Vitaly Shmatikov