Related papers: Kinematical Observables in Semi-Invisible Decays
We present a method for describing and characterizing the state of N particles that may be distinguishable in principle but not in practice due to experimental limitations. The technique relies upon a careful treatment of the exchange…
One approach to monitoring a dynamic system relies on decomposition of the system into weakly interacting subsystems. An earlier paper introduced a notion of weak interaction called separability, and showed that it leads to exact…
Most measurements in particle and nuclear physics use matrix-based unfolding algorithms to correct for detector effects. In nearly all cases, the observable is defined analogously at the particle and detector level. We point out that while…
We show that long standing debates on the collapse and the role of the observer in quantum mechanics can be resolved experimentally via a nondistructive continuous monitoring of a single quantum system. An example of such a system, coupled…
We analyze the observability of motion estimates from the fusion of visual and inertial sensors. Because the model contains unknown parameters, such as sensor biases, the problem is usually cast as a mixed identification/filtering, and the…
We exploit geometric properties of quantum states of light in optical cavities to carry out quantum non-demolition measurements. We generalize the 'mode invisibility' method to obtain information about the Wigner function of a squeezed…
Analysis of collisions is standardly included in the introductory physics course. In one dimension (1D), there do not seem to be any unusual issues: Typically, the initial velocities of the two colliding objects are specified, and the…
The concept of intrinsic and operational observables in quantum mechanics is introduced. It is argued that, in any realistic description of a quantum measurement that includes a detecting device, it is possible to construct from the…
Symmetry is one of the most central concepts in physics, and it is no surprise that it has also been widely adopted as an inductive bias for machine-learning models applied to the physical sciences. This is especially true for models…
Top physics provides a fertile ground for new-physics searches. At present, most top observables appear to be in good agreement with the respective Standard Model predictions. However, in the case of decay modes that are suppressed in the…
We study various optimality criteria for quantum observables. Observables are represented as covariant positive operator valued measures and we consider the case when the symmetry group is compact. Phase observables are examined as an…
We consider the dynamics of finite systems of point masses which move along the real line. We suppose the particles interact pairwise and undergo perfectly inelastic collisions when they collide. In particular, once particles collide, they…
In collider experiments, an event is characterized by two distinct yet mutually complementary features: the `global features' and the `local features'. Kinematic information such as the event topology of a hard process, masses, and spins of…
Optomechanical systems provide a means for studying and controlling quantum effects in the motion of macroscopic objects. To date, quantum optomechanical effects have been studied in objects made from solids and gases. Here we describe…
In this paper, a quantitative measure of partial observability is defined for PDEs. The quantity is proved to be consistent if the PDE is approximated using well-posed approximation schemes. A first order approximation of an unobservability…
In this paper we propose and analyse a Gedankenexperiment involving three non-linear crystals and two objects inserted in the idler beams. We show that, besides the behaviour that can be extrapolated from previous experiments involving two…
Many particle physics analyses which need to discriminate some background process from a signal ignore event-by-event resolutions of kinematic variables. Adding this information, as is done for missing momentum significance, can only…
Joint, or simultaneous, measurements of non-commuting observables are possible within quantum mechanics, if one accepts an increase in the variances of the jointly measured observables. In this paper, we discuss joint measurements of a spin…
Some dynamical properties of non interacting particles in a bouncer model are described. They move under gravity experiencing collisions with a moving platform. The evolution to steady state is described in two cases for dissipative…
We have made the first experimental demonstration of the simultaneous minimum uncertainty product between two complementary observables for a two-state system (a qubit). A partially entangled two-photon state was used to perform such…