Related papers: The Massive M31 Cluster G1: Detailed Chemical Abun…
Context. Globular clusters are considered key objects for understanding the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. In this sense, their characterisation in terms of their chemical and orbital parameters can provide constraints to the…
With the exception of Terzan 5, all the Galactic globular clusters that possess significant metallicity spreads, such as omega Cen and M22, are preferentially the more luminous clusters with extended horizontal branches. Here we present…
In the first paper in this series, we proposed a new framework in which to model the chemical evolution of globular clusters. This model, is predicated upon the assumption that clusters form within an interstellar medium enriched locally by…
A subset of 150 globular clusters in M87 has been selected on the basis of S/N ratio for abundance and age determinations from the sample of Paper I. Indices measuring the strength of the strongest spectral features were determined for the…
This paper presents [Fe/H] ratios for GCs in the outer halo of the Andromeda Galaxy, M31, based on moderate-resolution, integrated light (IL) spectroscopy of the calcium-II triplet (CaT) lines. The CaT strengths are measured by fitting…
We first present chemodynamical simulations to investigate how stellar winds of massive stars influence early dynamical and chemical evolution of forming globular clusters (GCs). In our numerical models, GCs form in turbulent,high-density…
A comparative analysis is performed between high-quality integrated spectra of 30 globular clusters in M31, 20 Milky Way clusters, and a sample of field and cluster elliptical galaxies. We find that the Lick CN indices in the M31 and…
We report abundance analysis for 6 M giant members of the old open cluster NGC6791, based on infrared spectroscopy (1.5-1.8 micron) at R=25,000, using the NIRSPEC spectrograph at the Keck II telescope. We find the iron abundance <[Fe/H]>=…
Recent pieces of evidence have revealed that most, and possibly all, globular star clusters are composed of groups of stars that formed in multiple episodes with different chemical compositions. In this sense, it has also been argued that…
Detailed chemical abundances of two stars in the intermediate-age Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) globular cluster NGC~1718 are presented, based on high resolution spectroscopic observations with the MIKE spectrograph. The detailed abundances…
We present a kinematic analysis of the globular cluster(GC) system in M31. Using the photometric and spectroscopic database of 504 GCs, we have investigated the kinematics of the M31 GC system. We find that the all GC system shows strong…
NGC 6229 is a relatively massive outer halo globular cluster that is primarily known for exhibiting a peculiar bimodal horizontal branch morphology. Given the paucity of spectroscopic data on this cluster, we present a detailed chemical…
We report the first high resolution, detailed abundances of 21 elements for giants in the Galactic bulge/bar within $1^\circ$ of the Galactic plane, where high extinction has rendered such studies challenging. Our high S/N and…
We have used Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 observations to construct a color-magnitude diagram (CMD) for the bulge of M31 at a location ~1.6 kpc from the galaxy's center. Using scaled-solar abundance theoretical red…
We analyze the structural parameters of the largest-available sample of spatially resolved extragalactic globular clusters. The images of M31 GCs were found in a search of HST archival data, described in a companion paper. We measure the…
Measuring the chemical composition of galaxies is crucial to our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution models. However, such measurements are extremely challenging for quiescent galaxies at high redshifts, which have faint stellar…
We have performed a detailed spectral analysis of the inner halo Galactic globular cluster (GC) NGC 6723 using high resolution (R$\approx$ 22000-48000) spectra for for eleven red giant branch stars collected with MIKE (Magellan) and FEROS…
We present a chemical composition analysis of 36 giant stars in mildly metal-poor globular cluster M5. In comparing the M5 results to those obtained in M4, a cluster previously considered to be a ``twin'' in age, metallicity and chemical…
Globular clusters (GCs) in the outer Milky Way halo are important tracers of the assembly history of our Galaxy. Only a few of these objects show spreads in heavier elements beyond the canonical light-element variations that have…
The conjecture that the ancient globular clusters (GCs) formed at the center of their own dark matter halos was first proposed by Peebles (1984), and has recently been revived to explain the puzzling abundance patterns observed within many…