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Drug discovery is lengthy and expensive, with traditional computer-aided design facing limits. This paper examines integrating quantum computing across the drug development cycle to accelerate and enhance workflows and rigorous…

We present a methodology to price options and portfolios of options on a gate-based quantum computer using amplitude estimation, an algorithm which provides a quadratic speedup compared to classical Monte Carlo methods. The options that we…

Quantum simulation is a cornerstone application for quantum computing, yet standard methods face a trade-off between circuit depth and accuracy: Trotterization depth scales with the number of Hamiltonian terms $L$, while sampling-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Sangjin Lee , Sangkook Choi

Scaling up the number of qubits available on quantum processors remains technically demanding even in the long term; it is therefore crucial to clarify the number of qubits required to implement a given quantum operation. For the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Kosuke Matsui , Jun-Yi Wu , Hayata Yamasaki , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Mio Murao

Reinforcement learning is a growing field in AI with a lot of potential. Intelligent behavior is learned automatically through trial and error in interaction with the environment. However, this learning process is often costly. Using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-08 Nico Meyer , Daniel D. Scherer , Axel Plinge , Christopher Mutschler , Michael J. Hartmann

The 2008 mortgage crisis is an example of an extreme event. Extreme value theory tries to estimate such tail risks. Modern finance practitioners prefer Expected Shortfall based risk metrics (which capture tail risk) over traditional…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-16 Samudra Dasgupta , Arnab Banerjee

Quantum computers can be considered as a natural means for performing machine learning tasks for inherently quantum labeled data. Many quantum machine learning techniques have been developed for solving classification problems, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-24 Andrey Kardashin , Yerassyl Balkybek , Vladimir V. Palyulin , Konstantin Antipin

Recent demonstrations on specialized benchmarks have reignited excitement for quantum computers, yet whether they can deliver an advantage for practical real-world problems remains an open question. Here, we show that probabilistic…

Quantum machine learning is arguably one of the most explored applications of near-term quantum devices. Much focus has been put on notions of variational quantum machine learning where parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are used as…

Quantum Error Correction (QEC), combined with magic state distillation, ensures fault tolerance in large-scale quantum computation. To apply QEC, a circuit must first be transformed into a non-Clifford (or T) gate set. T-depth, the number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Avimita Chatterjee , Archisman Ghosh , Swaroop Ghosh

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) play an essential role in the application of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The PQCs are a leading candidate to achieve a quantum advantage in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Joona V. Pankkonen , Matti Raasakka , Andrea Marchesin , Ilkka Tittonen

In order to exploit quantum advantages, quantum algorithms are indispensable for operating machine learning with quantum computers. We here propose an intriguing hybrid approach of quantum information processing for quantum linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Dan-Bo Zhang , Zheng-Yuan Xue , Shi-Liang Zhu , Z. D. Wang

Despite significant progress in quantum computing in recent years, executing quantum circuits for practical problems remains challenging due to error-prone quantum hardware. Hence, quantum error correction becomes essential but induces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Tobias Forster , Nils Quetschlich , Mathias Soeken , Robert Wille

In the relentless pursuit of quantum computational advantage, we present a significant advancement with the development of Zuchongzhi 3.0. This superconducting quantum computer prototype, comprising 105 qubits, achieves high operational…

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Variational quantum algorithms are the centerpiece of modern quantum programming. These algorithms involve training parameterized quantum circuits using a classical co-processor, an approach adapted partly from classical machine learning.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 V. Akshay , H. Philathong , E. Campos , D. Rabinovich , I. Zacharov , Xiao-Ming Zhang , J. Biamonte

We provide a method for estimating the expectation value of an operator that can utilize prior knowledge to accelerate the learning process on a quantum computer. Specifically, suppose we have an operator that can be expressed as a concise…

We introduce a quantum extension of dynamic programming, a fundamental computational method that efficiently solves recursive problems using memory. Our innovation lies in showing how to coherently generate recursion step unitaries by using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-09 Jeongrak Son , Marek Gluza , Ryuji Takagi , Nelly H. Y. Ng

Quantum processors require rapid and high-fidelity simultaneous measurements of many qubits. While superconducting qubits are among the leading modalities toward a useful quantum processor, their readout remains a bottleneck. Traditional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Robert Kent , Benjamin Lienhard , Gregory Lafyatis , Daniel J. Gauthier

The architecture of circuital quantum computers requires computing layers devoted to compiling high-level quantum algorithms into lower-level circuits of quantum gates. The general problem of quantum compiling is to approximate any unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-21 Lorenzo Moro , Matteo G. A. Paris , Marcello Restelli , Enrico Prati

Current technological advancements of quantum computers highlight the need for application-driven, practical and well-defined methods of benchmarking their performance. As the existing NISQ device's quality of two-qubit gate errors rate is…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Krzysztof Kurowski , Piotr Rydlichowski , Konrad Wojciechowski , Tomasz Pecyna , Mateusz Slysz