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Robust content moderation requires classification systems that can quickly adapt to evolving policies without costly retraining. We present classification using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which shifts traditional classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Richard Willats , Josh Pennington , Aravind Mohan , Bertie Vidgen

Hate speech is regarded as one of the crucial issues plaguing the online social media. The current literature on hate speech detection leverages primarily the textual content to find hateful posts and subsequently identify hateful users.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Mithun Das , Punyajoy Saha , Ritam Dutt , Pawan Goyal , Animesh Mukherjee , Binny Mathew

In recent years, there has been a lot of focus on offensive content. The amount of offensive content generated by social media is increasing at an alarming rate. This created a greater need to address this issue than ever before. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Shankar Biradar , Sunil Saumya

Today, hate speech classification from Arabic tweets has drawn the attention of several researchers. Many systems and techniques have been developed to resolve this classification task. Nevertheless, two of the major challenges faced in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Kheir Eddine Daouadi , Yaakoub Boualleg , Kheir Eddine Haouaouchi

Academic researchers and social media entities grappling with the identification of hate speech face significant challenges, primarily due to the vast scale of data and the dynamic nature of hate speech. Given the ethical and practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Dengyi Liu , Minghao Wang , Andrew G. Catlin

Social event detection involves identifying and categorizing important events from social media, which relies on labeled data, but annotation is costly and labor-intensive. To address this problem, we propose Augmentation framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Congbo Ma , Yuxia Wang , Jia Wu , Jian Yang , Jing Du , Zitai Qiu , Qing Li , Hu Wang , Preslav Nakov

This paper addresses the problem of detecting the offensive and abusive content in Facebook comments, where we focus on the Algerian dialectal Arabic which is one of under-resourced languages. The latter has a variety of dialects mixed with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Oussama Boucherit , Kheireddine Abainia

This paper describes the Duluth systems that participated in SemEval--2020 Task 12, Multilingual Offensive Language Identification in Social Media (OffensEval--2020). We participated in the three English language tasks. Our systems provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Ted Pedersen

Adversarial attacks pose significant challenges to deep neural networks (DNNs) such as Transformer models in natural language processing (NLP). This paper introduces a novel defense strategy, called GenFighter, which enhances adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Md Athikul Islam , Edoardo Serra , Sushil Jajodia

Data augmentation is a technique to generate new training data based on existing data. We evaluate the simple and cost-effective method of concatenating the original data examples to build new training instances. Continued training with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Tsz Kin Lam , Shigehiko Schamoni , Stefan Riezler

Online hatred is a growing concern on many social media platforms. To address this issue, different social media platforms have introduced moderation policies for such content. They also employ moderators who can check the posts violating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Mithun Das , Somnath Banerjee , Punyajoy Saha

Researching bragging behavior on social media arouses interest of computational (socio) linguists. However, existing bragging classification datasets suffer from a serious data imbalance issue. Because labeling a data-balance dataset is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Xiang Li , Yucheng Zhou

Word-level adversarial attacks have shown success in NLP models, drastically decreasing the performance of transformer-based models in recent years. As a countermeasure, adversarial defense has been explored, but relatively few efforts have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-04 KiYoon Yoo , Jangho Kim , Jiho Jang , Nojun Kwak

Optimization of image transformation functions for the purpose of data augmentation has been intensively studied. In particular, adversarial data augmentation strategies, which search augmentation maximizing task loss, show significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Teppei Suzuki

Data augmentation techniques are widely used for enhancing the performance of machine learning models by tackling class imbalance issues and data sparsity. State-of-the-art generative language models have been shown to provide significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Aleksandra Edwards , Asahi Ushio , Jose Camacho-Collados , Hélène de Ribaupierre , Alun Preece

Data augmentation has proven widely effective in computer vision. In Natural Language Processing (NLP) data augmentation remains an area of active research. There is no widely accepted augmentation technique that works well across tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Isabel Garcia Pietri , Kineret Stanley

As social media continues to grow rapidly, the prevalence of harassment on these platforms has also increased. This has piqued the interest of researchers in the field of fake detection. Social media data, often forms complex graphs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jinus Bordbar , Saman Ardalan , Mohammadreza Mohammadrezaie , Zahra Ghasemi

Model interpretability in toxicity detection greatly profits from token-level annotations. However, currently such annotations are only available in English. We introduce a dataset annotated for offensive language detection sourced from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Pia Pachinger , Janis Goldzycher , Anna Maria Planitzer , Wojciech Kusa , Allan Hanbury , Julia Neidhardt

In recent times, the detection of hate-speech, offensive, or abusive language in online media has become an important topic in NLP research due to the exponential growth of social media and the propagation of such messages, as well as their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Andrei Paraschiv , Mihai Dascalu , Dumitru-Clementin Cercel

Though majority vote among annotators is typically used for ground truth labels in natural language processing, annotator disagreement in tasks such as hate speech detection may reflect differences in opinion across groups, not noise. Thus,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Eve Fleisig , Rediet Abebe , Dan Klein