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Quantum algorithms are typically understood in terms of the evolution of a multi-qubit quantum system under a prescribed sequence of unitary transformations. The input to the algorithm prescribes some of the unitary transformations in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 David Collins

We describe a general framework for regarding oracle-assisted quantum algorithms as tools for discriminating between unitary transformations. We apply this to the Deutsch-Jozsa problem and derive all possible quantum algorithms which solve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-10 David Collins

We study optimal perfect distinguishability between a unitary and a general quantum operation. In 2-dimensional case we provide a simple sufficient and necessary condition for sequential perfect distinguishability and an analytical formula…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-13 Cheng Lu , Jianxin Chen , Runyao Duan

We study the unsorted database search problem with items $N$ from the viewpoint of unitary discrimination. Instead of considering the famous $O(\sqrt{N})$ Grover's the bounded-error algorithm for the original problem, we seek for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Xiaodi Wu , Runyao Duan

Entanglement is sometimes helpful in distinguishing between quantum operations, as differences between quantum operations can become magnified when their inputs are entangled with auxiliary systems. Bounds on the dimension of the auxiliary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-18 John Watrous

We examine how to distinguish between unitary operators, when the exact form of the possible operators is not known. Instead we are supplied with "programs" in the form of unitary transforms, which can be used as references for identifying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-23 Mark Hillery , Erika Andersson , Stephen M. Barnett , Daniel Oi

Algorithms with unitary oracles can be nested, which makes them extremely versatile. An example is the phase estimation algorithm used in many candidate algorithms for quantum speed-up. The search for new quantum algorithms benefits from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-01 Zuzana Gavorová , Matan Seidel , Yonathan Touati

We show that a unitary operation (quantum circuit) secretely chosen from a finite set of unitary operations can be determined with certainty by sequentially applying only a finite amount of runs of the unknown circuit. No entanglement or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Runyao Duan , Yuan Feng , Mingsheng Ying

Certifying the correct functioning of a unitary channel is a critical step toward reliable quantum information processing. In this work, we investigate the query complexity of the unitary channel certification task: testing whether a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Sangwoo Jeon , Changhun Oh

We address the problem of unambiguous discrimination among oracle operators. The general theory of unambiguous discrimination among unitary operators is extended with this application in mind. We prove that entanglement with an ancilla…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Anthony Chefles , Akira Kitagawa , Masahiro Takeoka , Masahide Sasaki , Jason Twamley

The problem of distinguishing two unitary transformations, or quantum gates, is analyzed and a function reflecting their statistical distinguishability is found. Given two unitary operations, $U_1$ and $U_2$, it is proved that there always…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Acin

Query complexity is a model of computation in which we have to compute a function $f(x_1, \ldots, x_N)$ of variables $x_i$ which can be accessed via queries. The complexity of an algorithm is measured by the number of queries that it makes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-19 Andris Ambainis

Quantum query complexity plays an important role in studying quantum algorithms, which captures the most known quantum algorithms, such as search and period finding. A query algorithm applies $U_tO_x\cdots U_1O_xU_0$ to some input state,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Zipeng Wu , Shi-Yao Hou , Chao Zhang , Lvzhou Li , Bei Zeng

Quantum query complexity is typically characterized in terms of XOR queries |x,y> to |x,y+f(x)> or phase queries, which ensure that even queries to non-invertible functions are unitary. When querying a permutation, another natural model is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Blake Holman , Ronak Ramachandran , Justin Yirka

The query model offers a concrete setting where quantum algorithms are provably superior to randomized algorithms. Beautiful results by Bernstein-Vazirani, Simon, Aaronson, and others presented partial Boolean functions that can be computed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Avishay Tal

Let a Boolean function be available as a black-box (oracle) and one likes to devise an algorithm to test whether it has certain property or it is $\epsilon$-far from having that property. The efficiency of the algorithm is judged by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-27 Kaushik Chakraborty , Subhamoy Maitra

The Unitary Synthesis Problem (Aaronson-Kuperberg 2007) asks whether any $n$-qubit unitary $U$ can be implemented by an efficient quantum algorithm $A$ augmented with an oracle that computes an arbitrary Boolean function $f$. In other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-16 Alex Lombardi , Fermi Ma , John Wright

We study the query complexity of quantum learning problems in which the oracles form a group $G$ of unitary matrices. In the simplest case, one wishes to identify the oracle, and we find a description of the optimal success probability of a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Daniel Copeland , Jamie Pommersheim

In this work, we study the problem of answering $k$ queries with $(\epsilon, \delta)$-differential privacy, where each query has sensitivity one. We give an algorithm for this task that achieves an expected $\ell_\infty$ error bound of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Badih Ghazi , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi

We study equivalence determination of unitary operations, a task analogous to quantum state discrimination. The candidate states are replaced by unitary operations given as a quantum sample, i.e., a black-box device implementing a candidate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-02 Atsushi Shimbo , Akihito Soeda , Mio Murao
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