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Deep neural networks often suffer the data distribution shift between training and testing, and the batch statistics are observed to reflect the shift. In this paper, targeting of alleviating distribution shift in test time, we revisit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Tao Yang , Shenglong Zhou , Yuwang Wang , Yan Lu , Nanning Zheng

Convolutional neural network (CNN) has achieved unprecedented success in image super-resolution tasks in recent years. However, the network's performance depends on the distribution of the training sets and degrades on out-of-distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Aupendu Kar , Prabir Kumar Biswas

Large batch size training in deep neural networks (DNNs) possesses a well-known 'generalization gap' that remarkably induces generalization performance degradation. However, it remains unclear how varying batch size affects the structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Fengli Gao , Huicai Zhong

Large-scale supervised classification algorithms, especially those based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), require vast amounts of training data to achieve state-of-the-art performance. Decreasing this data requirement would…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-15 Maya Kabkab , Azadeh Alavi , Rama Chellappa

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to process data associated with graphs. They are finding an increasing range of applications; however, as with other modern machine learning techniques, their theoretical understanding is limited.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-23 O. Duranthon , L. Zdeborová

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) significantly advanced image generation but their performance heavily depends on abundant training data. In scenarios with limited data, GANs often struggle with discriminator overfitting and unstable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yao Ni , Piotr Koniusz

Normalization is known to help the optimization of deep neural networks. Curiously, different architectures require specialized normalization methods. In this paper, we study what normalization is effective for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tianle Cai , Shengjie Luo , Keyulu Xu , Di He , Tie-Yan Liu , Liwei Wang

Implementation of quantized neural networks on computing hardware leads to considerable speed up and memory saving. However, quantized deep networks are difficult to train and batch~normalization (BatchNorm) layer plays an important role in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Eyyüb Sari , Vahid Partovi Nia

Optimization techniques are of great importance to effectively and efficiently train a deep neural network (DNN). It has been shown that using the first and second order statistics (e.g., mean and variance) to perform Z-score…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Hongwei Yong , Jianqiang Huang , Xiansheng Hua , Lei Zhang

Batch Normalization (BN) and its variants have delivered tremendous success in combating the covariate shift induced by the training step of deep learning methods. While these techniques normalize feature distributions by standardizing with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Mandy Lu , Qingyu Zhao , Jiequan Zhang , Kilian M. Pohl , Li Fei-Fei , Juan Carlos Niebles , Ehsan Adeli

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great successes in many computer vision problems. Unlike existing works that designed CNN architectures to improve performance on a single task of a single domain and not generalizable, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Xingang Pan , Ping Luo , Jianping Shi , Xiaoou Tang

A significant advance in accelerating neural network training has been the development of normalization methods, permitting the training of deep models both faster and with better accuracy. These advances come with practical challenges: for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jasmine Collins , Johannes Balle , Jonathon Shlens

Weight decay is often used to ensure good generalization in the training practice of deep neural networks with batch normalization (BN-DNNs), where some convolution layers are invariant to weight rescaling due to the normalization. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziquan Liu , Yufei Cui , Jia Wan , Yu Mao , Antoni B. Chan

Batch normalization is currently the most widely used variant of internal normalization for deep neural networks. Additional work has shown that the normalization of weights and additional conditioning as well as the normalization of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wolfgang Fuhl , Enkelejda Kasneci

This paper explores training efficient VGG-style super-resolution (SR) networks with the structural re-parameterization technique. The general pipeline of re-parameterization is to train networks with multi-branch topology first, and then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Xintao Wang , Chao Dong , Ying Shan

The performance of DNNs trained on clean images has been shown to decrease when the test images have common corruptions. In this work, we interpret corruption robustness as a domain shift and propose to rectify batch normalization (BN)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Philipp Benz , Chaoning Zhang , Adil Karjauv , In So Kweon

Batch normalization dramatically increases the largest trainable depth of residual networks, and this benefit has been crucial to the empirical success of deep residual networks on a wide range of benchmarks. We show that this key benefit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Soham De , Samuel L. Smith

Batch normalization (BN) is a ubiquitous operation in deep neural networks, primarily used to improve stability and regularization during training. BN centers and scales feature maps using sample means and variances, which are naturally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-04 Sofia Ivolgina , P. Thomas Fletcher , Baba C. Vemuri

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer low-latency and energy-efficient decision-making on neuromorphic hardware by mimicking the event-driven dynamics of biological neurons. However, the discrete and non-differentiable nature of spikes leads…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zijie Xu , Xinyu Shi , Yiting Dong , Zihan Huang , Zhaofei Yu

As models for nature language processing (NLP), computer vision (CV) and recommendation systems (RS) require surging computation, a large number of GPUs/TPUs are paralleled as a large batch (LB) to improve training throughput. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Guo-qing Jiang , Jinlong Liu , Zixiang Ding , Lin Guo , Wei Lin