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In this paper, we first address adverse effects of cyber-physical attacks on distributed synchronization of multi-agent systems, by providing conditions under which an attacker can destabilize the underlying network, as well as another set…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Aquib Mustafa , Rohollah Moghadam , Hamidreza Modares

This short note is on a property of the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence which indicates that independent Gaussian distributions minimize the KL divergence from given independent Gaussian distributions. The primary purpose of this note is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Song Fang , Quanyan Zhu

We consider the problem of stochastic optimal control, where the state-feedback control policies take the form of a probability distribution and where a penalty on the entropy is added. By viewing the cost function as a Kullback- Leibler…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Marc Lambert , Francis Bach , Silvère Bonnabel

This study explores the vulnerability of direct data driven control, particularly in the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem, to adversarial perturbations in offline collected data. We focus on stealthy attacks that subtly alter…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Hampei Sasahara

In this paper we consider a class of generalized Kyle-Back strategic insider trading models in which the insider is able to use the dynamic information obtained by observing the instantaneous movement of an underlying asset that is allowed…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-29 Jin Ma , Ying Tan

The ability to distinguish between stochastic systems based on their trajectories is crucial in thermodynamics, chemistry, and biophysics. The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, $D_{\text{KL}}^{AB}(0,\tau)$, quantifies the distinguishability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-09 Asawari Pagare , Zhongmin Zhang , Jiming Zheng , Zhiyue Lu

In Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), inference based on communicated data is of critical significance as it can be used to manipulate or damage the control operations by adversaries. This calls for efficient mechanisms for secure transmission…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Gaurav Kumar Agarwal , Mohammed Karmoose , Suhas Diggavi , Christina Fragouli , Paulo Tabuada

Selecting an appropriate divergence measure is a critical aspect of machine learning, as it directly impacts model performance. Among the most widely used, we find the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, originally introduced in kinetic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Gennaro Auricchio , Giovanni Brigati , Paolo Giudici , Giuseppe Toscani

We study the security of stock price forecasting using Deep Learning (DL) in computational finance. Despite abundant prior research on the vulnerability of DL to adversarial perturbations, such work has hitherto hardly addressed practical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Advije Rizvani , Giovanni Apruzzese , Pavel Laskov

In this paper, we delve deeper into the Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence loss and mathematically prove that it is equivalent to the Decoupled Kullback-Leibler (DKL) Divergence loss that consists of 1) a weighted Mean Square Error (wMSE)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jiequan Cui , Zhuotao Tian , Zhisheng Zhong , Xiaojuan Qi , Bei Yu , Hanwang Zhang

The stealth of false data injection attacks (FDIAs) against feedback sensors in linear time-varying (LTV) control systems is investigated. In that regard, the following notions of stealth are pursued: For some finite $\epsilon > 0$, i) an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Kamil Hassan , Henrik Sandberg

The problem of mitigating maliciously injected signals in interconnected systems is dealt with in this paper. We consider the class of covert attacks, as they are stealthy and cannot be detected by conventional means in centralized…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Angelo Barboni , Thomas Parisini

This paper addresses the issue of data injection attacks on control systems. We consider attacks which aim at maximizing system disruption while staying undetected in the finite horizon. The maximum possible disruption caused by such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Sribalaji C. Anand , André M. H. Teixeira

We study the problem of characterizing the stability of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence under Gaussian perturbations beyond Gaussian families. Existing relaxed triangle inequalities for KL divergence critically rely on the assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jialu Pan , Yufeng Zhang , Nan Hu , Zhenbang Chen , Ji Wang , Keqin Li

This paper presents a novel framework for characterizing dissipativity of uncertain systems whose dynamics evolve according to differential-algebraic equations. Sufficient conditions for dissipativity (specializing to, e.g., stability or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-13 Emily Jensen , Neelay Junnarkar , Murat Arcak , Xiaofan Wu , Suat Gumussoy

In this work, we focus on analyzing vulnerability of nonlinear dynamical control systems to stealthy sensor attacks. We start by defining the notion of stealthy attacks in the most general form by leveraging Neyman-Pearson lemma;…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-02 Amir Khazraei , Miroslav Pajic

This paper introduces a new attack against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange scheme. The attack is based on the nonlinearity of the noise generators. We explore the effect of total distortion (TD) at the second…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Christiana Chamon , Laszlo B. Kish

We develop and study new adversarial perturbations that enable an attacker to gain control over decisions in generic Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems including deep learning neural networks. In contrast to adversarial data modification,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Ivan Y. Tyukin , Desmond J. Higham , Alexander Bastounis , Eliyas Woldegeorgis , Alexander N. Gorban

As more attention is paid to security in the context of control systems and as attacks occur to real control systems throughout the world, it has become clear that some of the most nefarious attacks are those that evade detection. The term…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Carlos Murguia , Iman Shames , Justin Ruths , Dragan Nesic

By subjecting a dynamical system to a series of short pulses and varying several time delays we can obtain multidimensional characteristic measures of the system. Multidimensional Kullback-Leibler response function (KLRF), which are based…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-03-24 Saar Rahav , Shaul Mukamel