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Abstract reasoning refers to the ability to analyze information, discover rules at an intangible level, and solve problems in innovative ways. Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) test is typically used to examine the capability of abstract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Sheng Hu , Yuqing Ma , Xianglong Liu , Yanlu Wei , Shihao Bai

The ability to hypothesise, develop abstract concepts based on concrete observations and apply these hypotheses to justify future actions has been paramount in human development. An existing line of research in outfitting intelligent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Nicholas Quek Wei Kiat , Duo Wang , Mateja Jamnik

In continual learning, a system learns from non-stationary data streams or batches without catastrophic forgetting. While this problem has been heavily studied in supervised image classification and reinforcement learning, continual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Tyler L. Hayes , Christopher Kanan

This work compares large language models (LLMs) and neuro-symbolic approaches in solving Raven's progressive matrices (RPM), a visual abstract reasoning test that involves the understanding of mathematical rules such as progression or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Michael Hersche , Giacomo Camposampiero , Roger Wattenhofer , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

As a cross-topic of multi-view learning and multi-label classification, multi-view multi-label classification has gradually gained traction in recent years. The application of multi-view contrastive learning has further facilitated this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Chengliang Liu , Jie Wen , Yong Xu , Bob Zhang , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

Analogical reasoning is a fundamental capacity of human cognition that allows us to reason abstractly about novel situations by relating them to past experiences. While it is thought to be essential for robust reasoning in AI systems,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xiaoyang Hu , Shane Storks , Richard L. Lewis , Joyce Chai

With the success of pre-trained visual-language (VL) models such as CLIP in visual representation tasks, transferring pre-trained models to downstream tasks has become a crucial paradigm. Recently, the prompt tuning paradigm, which draws…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jingsheng Gao , Jiacheng Ruan , Suncheng Xiang , Zefang Yu , Ke Ji , Mingye Xie , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Great endeavors have been made to study AI's ability in abstract reasoning, along with which different versions of RAVEN's progressive matrices (RPM) are proposed as benchmarks. Previous works give inkling that without sophisticated design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Qinglai Wei , Diancheng Chen , Beiming Yuan

Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs) are frequently used in evaluating human's visual reasoning ability. Researchers have made considerable efforts in developing systems to automatically solve the RPM problem, often through a black-box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Wentao He , Jianfeng Ren , Ruibin Bai , Xudong Jiang

Reward modeling is essential for aligning Large Language Models(LLMs) with human preferences, yet conventional reward models suffer from poor interpretability and heavy reliance on costly expert annotations. While recent rubric-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dengcan Liu , Fengkai Yang , Xiaohan Wang , Shurui Yan , Jiajun Chai , Jiahao Li , Yikun Ban , Zhendong Mao , Wei Lin , Guojun Yin

Contrastive learning is a well-established paradigm in representation learning. The standard framework of contrastive learning minimizes the distance between "similar" instances and maximizes the distance between dissimilar ones in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Naghmeh Ghanooni , Barbod Pajoum , Harshit Rawal , Sophie Fellenz , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Marius Kloft

As being widely used to measure human intelligence, Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) tests also pose a great challenge for AI systems. There is a long line of computational models for solving RPM, starting from 1960s, either to understand…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yuan Yang , Mathilee Kunda

Multi-label learning is a challenging computer vision task that requires assigning multiple categories to each image. However, fully annotating large-scale datasets is often impractical due to high costs and effort, motivating the study of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Luong Tran , Thieu Vo , Anh Nguyen , Sang Dinh , Van Nguyen

Deep learning-based drug response prediction (DRP) methods can accelerate the drug discovery process and reduce R\&D costs. Although the mainstream methods achieve high accuracy in predicting response regression values, the regression-aware…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-19 Kun Li , Wenbin Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal variants (LVLMs) hold immense promise for scientific and engineering applications, particularly in processing visual information like scientific diagrams. However, their practical deployment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Minghao Zhou , Rafael Souza , Yaqian Hu , Luming Che

Visual abstract reasoning tasks present challenges for deep neural networks, exposing limitations in their capabilities. In this work, we present a neural network model that addresses the challenges posed by Raven's Progressive Matrices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Kai Zhao , Chang Xu , Bailu Si

The development of accurate methods for multi-label classification (MLC) of remote sensing (RS) images is one of the most important research topics in RS. The MLC methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown strong…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-27 Ahmet Kerem Aksoy , Mahdyar Ravanbakhsh , Begüm Demir

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in surface-level text generation, their nature in handling complex multi-step reasoning tasks often remains one of ``statistical fitting'' rather than systematic logical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Lianlei Shan , Han Chen , Yixuan Wang , Zhenjie Liu , Wei Li

Semantic overlap among land-cover categories, highly imbalanced label distributions, and complex inter-class co-occurrence patterns constitute significant challenges for multi-label remote-sensing image retrieval. In this article,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Amna Amir , Erchan Aptoula

Contrastive learning has shown outstanding performances in both supervised and unsupervised learning, and has recently been introduced to solve weakly supervised learning problems such as semi-supervised learning and noisy label learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jingyi Cui , Weiran Huang , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang