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We investigate the effective memory depth of RNN models by using them for $n$-gram language model (LM) smoothing. Experiments on a small corpus (UPenn Treebank, one million words of training data and 10k vocabulary) have found the LSTM cell…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Ciprian Chelba , Mohammad Norouzi , Samy Bengio

We introduce multiplicative LSTM (mLSTM), a recurrent neural network architecture for sequence modelling that combines the long short-term memory (LSTM) and multiplicative recurrent neural network architectures. mLSTM is characterised by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-13 Ben Krause , Liang Lu , Iain Murray , Steve Renals

Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a special kind of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) architecture which is designed to model sequences and their long-range dependencies more precisely than RNNs. This paper proposes to use deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Neda Tavakoli

This review aims to conduct a comparative analysis of liquid neural networks (LNNs) and traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and their variants, such as long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) and gated recurrent units (GRUs). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Shilong Zong , Alex Bierly , Almuatazbellah Boker , Hoda Eldardiry

One of the fundamental principles of contemporary linguistics states that language processing requires the ability to extract recursively nested tree structures. However, it remains unclear whether and how this code could be implemented in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Yair Lakretz , Théo Desbordes , Jean-Rémi King , Benoît Crabbé , Maxime Oquab , Stanislas Dehaene

We deploy the methods of controlled psycholinguistic experimentation to shed light on the extent to which the behavior of neural network language models reflects incremental representations of syntactic state. To do so, we examine model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Richard Futrell , Ethan Wilcox , Takashi Morita , Peng Qian , Miguel Ballesteros , Roger Levy

The goal of language modeling techniques is to capture the statistical and structural properties of natural languages from training corpora. This task typically involves the learning of short range dependencies, which generally model the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Youssef Oualil , Mittul Singh , Clayton Greenberg , Dietrich Klakow

Data-driven approaches to automated machine condition monitoring are gaining popularity due to advancements made in sensing technologies and computing algorithms. This paper proposes the use of a deep learning model, based on Long…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-30 Jianlei Zhang , Binil Starly

Text simplification (TS) aims to reduce the lexical and structural complexity of a text, while still retaining the semantic meaning. Current automatic TS techniques are limited to either lexical-level applications or manually defining a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-14 Tong Wang , Ping Chen , Kevin Amaral , Jipeng Qiang

Despite the promising performance of state space models (SSMs) in long sequence modeling, limitations still exist. Advanced SSMs like S5 and S6 (Mamba) in addressing non-uniform sampling, their recursive structures impede efficient SSM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Biqing Qi , Junqi Gao , Kaiyan Zhang , Dong Li , Jianxing Liu , Ligang Wu , Bowen Zhou

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) were designed for dealing with time-series data and have recently been used for creating predictive models from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. However, gathering large fMRI datasets for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-16 Nicha C. Dvornek , Xiaoxiao Li , Juntang Zhuang , James S. Duncan

In this study, we propose an ensemble long short-term memory (EnLSTM) network, which can be trained on a small dataset and process sequential data. The EnLSTM is built by combining the ensemble neural network (ENN) and the cascaded long…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are powerful models that have achieved excellent performance on difficult learning tasks. Although DNNs work well whenever large labeled training sets are available, they cannot be used to map sequences to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-12-16 Ilya Sutskever , Oriol Vinyals , Quoc V. Le

Artificial neural networks are a promising technique for virtual analog modeling, having shown particular success in emulating distortion circuits. Despite their potential, enhancements are needed to enable effect parameters to influence…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Riccardo Simionato , Stefano Fasciani

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are at the core of modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. In particular, long-short term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art results in many speech recognition…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Titouan Parcollet , Mohamed Morchid , Georges Linarès , Renato De Mori

Due to the success of deep learning (DL) and its growing job market, students and researchers from many areas are interested in learning about DL technologies. Visualization has proven to be of great help during this learning process. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Alex Bäuerle , Patrick Albus , Raphael Störk , Tina Seufert , Timo Ropinski

How to obtain hierarchical representations with an increasing level of abstraction becomes one of the key issues of learning with deep neural networks. A variety of RNN models have recently been proposed to incorporate both explicit and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Zhaoxin Luo , Michael Zhu

Recurrent neural networks using the LSTM architecture can achieve significant single-channel noise reduction. It is not obvious, however, how to apply them to multi-channel inputs in a way that can generalize to new microphone…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Felix Grezes , Zhaoheng Ni , Viet Anh Trinh , Michael Mandel

Recently, recurrent neural networks have become state-of-the-art in acoustic modeling for automatic speech recognition. The long short-term memory (LSTM) units are the most popular ones. However, alternative units like gated recurrent unit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-18 Jan Vanek , Josef Michalek , Jan Zelinka , Josef Psutka

Long short-term memory (LSTM) is a robust recurrent neural network architecture for learning spatiotemporal sequential data. However, it requires significant computational power for learning and implementing from both software and hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Nelly Elsayed , Zag ElSayed , Anthony S. Maida