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Remote Electrical Tilt (RET) optimization is an efficient method for adjusting the vertical tilt angle of Base Stations (BSs) antennas in order to optimize Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of the network. Reinforcement Learning (RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Filippo Vannella , Grigorios Iakovidis , Ezeddin Al Hakim , Erik Aumayr , Saman Feghhi

In this paper, we present a Symbolic Reinforcement Learning (SRL) based architecture for safety control of Radio Access Network (RAN) applications. In particular, we provide a purely automated procedure in which a user can specify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Alexandros Nikou , Anusha Mujumdar , Vaishnavi Sundararajan , Marin Orlic , Aneta Vulgarakis Feljan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a variety of robotics applications, where it outperforms classical methods. However, the safety aspect of RL and the transfer to the real world remain an open challenge. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Murad Dawood , Ahmed Shokry , Maren Bennewitz

In this paper, we demonstrate a Symbolic Reinforcement Learning (SRL) architecture for safe control in Radio Access Network (RAN) applications. In our automated tool, a user can select a high-level safety specifications expressed in Linear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Alexandros Nikou , Anusha Mujumdar , Marin Orlic , Aneta Vulgarakis Feljan

This study proposes a safe and sample-efficient reinforcement learning (RL) framework to address two major challenges in developing applicable RL algorithms: satisfying safety constraints and efficiently learning with limited samples. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hongyi Chen , Changliu Liu

Safe exploration is a common problem in reinforcement learning (RL) that aims to prevent agents from making disastrous decisions while exploring their environment. A family of approaches to this problem assume domain knowledge in the form…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Steven Carr , Nils Jansen , Sebastian Junges , Ufuk Topcu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a machine learning paradigm where an autonomous agent learns to make an optimal sequence of decisions by interacting with the underlying environment. The promise demonstrated by RL-guided workflows in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Satwik Patnaik , Vasudev Gohil , Hao Guo , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran

Safe reinforcement learning (Safe RL) refers to a class of techniques that aim to prevent RL algorithms from violating constraints in the process of decision-making and exploration during trial and error. In this paper, a novel model-free…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-14 Homayoun Honari , Mehran Ghafarian Tamizi , Homayoun Najjaran

Reinforcement Learning (RL), one of the core paradigms in machine learning, learns to make decisions based on real-world experiences. This approach has significantly advanced AI applications across various domains, notably in smart grid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Zheyu Zhang

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) trains a policy to maximize the task reward while satisfying safety constraints. While prior works focus on the performance optimality, we find that the optimal solutions of many safe RL problems are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Zuxin Liu , Zijian Guo , Zhepeng Cen , Huan Zhang , Jie Tan , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a compelling data-driven paradigm for synthesizing controllers for complex systems when accurate physical models are unavailable; however, most existing control-oriented RL methods assume stationarity and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Austin Coursey , Abel Diaz-Gonzalez , Marcos Quinones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been shown to be effective in many scenarios. However, it typically requires the exploration of a sufficiently large number of state-action pairs, some of which may be unsafe. Consequently, its application to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-24 Yousef Emam , Gennaro Notomista , Paul Glotfelter , Zsolt Kira , Magnus Egerstedt

Reinforcement learning (RL) enables agents to learn optimal behaviors through interaction with their environment and has been increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, including autonomous driving. Despite its promise, RL is…

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to mitigate unsafe behaviors that arise from exploration during training by reducing constraint violations while maintaining task performance. Existing approaches typically rely on a single policy to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Murad Dawood , Usama Ahmed Siddiquie , Shahram Khorshidi , Maren Bennewitz

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is widely used in tasks where agents interact with an environment to maximize rewards. Building on this foundation, Safe Reinforcement Learning (Safe RL) incorporates a cost metric alongside the reward metric,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Weiran Guo , Guanjun Liu , Ziyuan Zhou , Ling Wang

In this paper, we investigate a novel digital network twin (DNT) assisted deep learning (DL) model training framework. In particular, we consider a physical network where a base station (BS) uses several antennas to serve multiple mobile…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Hanzhi Yu , Hasan Farooq , Julien Forgeat , Shruti Bothe , Kristijonas Cyras , Md Moin Uddin Chowdhury , Mingzhe Chen

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a subfield of machine learning for training autonomous agents that take sequential actions across complex environments. Despite its significant performance in well-known environments, it remains…

A major challenge of reinforcement learning (RL) in real-world applications is the variation between environments, tasks or clients. Meta-RL (MRL) addresses this issue by learning a meta-policy that adapts to new tasks. Standard MRL methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Ido Greenberg , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik , Eli Meirom

Safety remains a central obstacle preventing widespread use of RL in the real world: learning new tasks in uncertain environments requires extensive exploration, but safety requires limiting exploration. We propose Recovery RL, an algorithm…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown promise in various robotics applications, yet its deployment on real systems is still limited due to safety and operational constraints. The safe RL field has gained considerable attention in recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sadık Bera Yüksel , Ali Tevfik Buyukkocak , Derya Aksaray
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