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Single-qubit thermometry presents the simplest tool to measure the temperature of thermal baths with reduced invasivity. At thermal equilibrium, the temperature uncertainty is linked to the heat capacity of the qubit, however the best…

We describe the design and calibration of an external cryogenic blackbody calibrator used for the first two flights of the Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission (ARCADE) instrument. The calibrator consists of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Kogut , E. Wollack , D. J. Fixsen , M. Limon , P. Mirel , S. Levin , M. Seiffert , P. M. Lubin

This work builds on the previous introduction [1] of a coupled experimental-computational system devised to fully characterize the thermal behavior of complex 3D submicron electronic devices. The new system replaces the laser-based surface…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-09-13 Peter E. Raad , Pavel L. Komarov , M. Burzo

We propose the use of a quantum thermal machine for low-temperature thermometry. A hot thermal reservoir coupled to the machine allows for simultaneously cooling the sample while determining its temperature without knowing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-05 Patrick P. Hofer , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Nicolas Brunner

Although classical thermal machines power industries and modern living, quantum thermal engines have yet to prove their utility. Here, we demonstrate a useful quantum absorption refrigerator formed from superconducting circuits. We use it…

Estimating the temperature of a cold quantum system is difficult. Usually, one measures a well-understood thermal state and uses that prior knowledge to infer its temperature. In contrast, we introduce a method of thermometry that assumes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-07 T. H. Johnson , F. Cosco , M. T. Mitchison , D. Jaksch , S. R. Clark

Quantum thermometry refers to the study of measuring ultra-low temperatures in quantum systems. The precision of such a quantum thermometer is limited by the degree to which temperature can be estimated by quantum measurements. More…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-15 Sebastian Deffner

Potential realization of a quantum thermometer operating in the nanokelvin regime, formed by a few-fermionic mixture confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap, is proposed. Thermal states of the system are studied theoretically from the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-06-22 Marcin Płodzień , Rafał Demkowicz-Dobrzański , Tomasz Sowiński

The dimensionality of a thermometer is key in the design of quantum thermometry schemes. In general, the phenomenology that is typical of finite-dimensional quantum thermometry does not apply to infinite dimensional ones. We analyse the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-29 Luca Mancino , Marco G. Genoni , Marco Barbieri , Mauro Paternostro

The search for the signature of non-thermal (so-called ``hot'') electrons in illuminated plasmonic nanostructures requires a detailed understanding of the non-equilibrium electron distribution under illumination, as well as a careful design…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 Yonatan Dubi , Ieng-Wai Un , Yonatan Sivan

Experiments performed at a temperature of a few millikelvin require effective thermalization schemes, low-pass filtering of the measurement lines and low-noise electronics. Here, we report on the modifications to a commercial dilution…

Recent proposals towards non-local thermoelectric voltage-based thermometry, in the conventional dual quantum dot set-up, demand an asymmetric step-like system-to-reservoir coupling around the ground states for optimal operation (Physica E,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Aniket Singha

We report local time-resolved thermometry in a silicon nanowire quantum dot device designed to host a linear array of spin qubits. Using two alternative measurement schemes based on rf reflectometry, we are able to probe either local…

A classical thermometer typically works by exchanging energy with the system being measured until it comes to equilibrium, at which point the readout is related to the final energy state of the thermometer. A recent paper noted that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 W. K. Tham , H. Ferretti , A. V. Sadashivan , A. M. Steinberg

A differential, membrane-based nanocalorimeter for general specific heat studies of very small samples, ranging from 0.5 mg to sub-{\mu}g in mass, is described. The calorimeter operates over the temperature range from above room temperature…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-08-20 S. Tagliati , V. M. Krasnov , A. Rydh

Thermal equilibrium states are exponentially hard to distinguish at very low temperatures, making equilibrium quantum thermometry in this regime a formidable task. We present a thermometric scheme that circumvents this limitation, by using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-07 Ivan Henao , Karen V. Hovhannisyan , Raam Uzdin

Chromatic calorimetry introduces a novel approach to calorimeter design in High Energy Physics (HEP) by integrating Quantum Dot (QD) technology into traditional homogeneous calorimeters. The tunable emission spectra of QDs provide new…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-07-23 Yacine Haddad , Devanshi Arora , Etiennette Auffray , Michael Doser , Matteo Salomoni , Michele Weber

Semiconductor integrated circuits operated at cryogenic temperature will play an essential role in quantum computing architectures. These can offer equivalent or superior performance to their room-temperature counterparts while enabling a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Jonathan Eastoe , Grayson M. Noah , Debargha Dutta , Alessandro Rossi , Jonathan D. Fletcher , Alberto Gomez-Saiz

Understanding heat transport is relevant to develop efficient strategies for thermal management in microelectronics for instance, as well as for fundamental science purposes. However, measuring temperatures in nanostructured environments…

We perform the characterization and modeling of a floating-gate device realized with a commercial 350-nm CMOS technology at cryogenic temperature. The programmability of the device offers a solution in the realization of a precise and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-10-25 Michele Castriotta , Enrico Prati , Giorgio Ferrari