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Systematics contaminate observables, leading to distribution shifts relative to theoretically simulated signals-posing a major challenge for using pre-trained models to label such observables. Since systematics are often poorly understood…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Sultan Hassan , Sambatra Andrianomena , Benjamin D. Wandelt

In online incremental learning, data continuously arrives with substantial distributional shifts, creating a significant challenge because previous samples have limited replay value when learning a new task. Prior research has typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Quyen Tran , Hai Nguyen , Hoang Phan , Quan Dao , Linh Ngo , Khoat Than , Dinh Phung , Dimitris Metaxas , Trung Le

We consider the task of representation learning for unsupervised segmentation of 3D voxel-grid biomedical images. We show that models that capture implicit hierarchical relationships between subvolumes are better suited for this task. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Joy Hsu , Jeffrey Gu , Gong-Her Wu , Wah Chiu , Serena Yeung

Graph-based collaborative filtering is capable of capturing the essential and abundant collaborative signals from the high-order interactions, and thus received increasingly research interests. Conventionally, the embeddings of users and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Yiding Zhang , Chaozhuo Li , Senzhang Wang , Jianxun Lian , Xing Xie

Single-cell technologies generate high-dimensional point clouds of cells, enabling detailed characterization of complex patient states and treatment responses. Yet each patient is represented by an irregular point cloud rather than a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Tianxiang Wang , Yingtong Ke , Dhananjay Bhaskar , Smita Krishnaswamy , Alexander Cloninger

Graph representation learning in Euclidean space, despite its widespread adoption and proven utility in many domains, often struggles to effectively capture the inherent hierarchical and complex relational structures prevalent in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Menglin Yang , Min Zhou , Tong Zhang , Jiahong Liu , Zhihao Li , Lujia Pan , Hui Xiong , Irwin King

Optimal Transport (OT) problem aims to find a transport plan that bridges two distributions while minimizing a given cost function. OT theory has been widely utilized in generative modeling. In the beginning, OT distance has been used as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Jaemoo Choi , Jaewoong Choi , Myungjoo Kang

Transformer model architectures have become an indispensable staple in deep learning lately for their effectiveness across a range of tasks. Recently, a surge of "X-former" models have been proposed which improve upon the original…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Zhe Liu , Yibin Xu

Continual learning has traditionally focused on classifying either instances or classes, but real-world applications, such as robotics and self-driving cars, require models to handle both simultaneously. To mirror real-life scenarios, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Melika Ayoughi , Mina Ghadimi Atigh , Mohammad Mahdi Derakhshani , Cees G. M. Snoek , Pascal Mettes , Paul Groth

Optimal Transport is a foundational mathematical theory that connects optimization, partial differential equations, and probability. It offers a powerful framework for comparing probability distributions and has recently become an important…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-13 Gabriel Peyré

Optimal Transport, a theory for optimal allocation of resources, is widely used in various fields such as astrophysics, machine learning, and imaging science. However, many applications impose elementwise constraints on the transport plan…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Zixuan Cang , Qing Nie , Yanxiang Zhao

The optimal transport problem has many applications in machine learning, physics, biology, economics, etc. Although its goal is very clear and mathematically well-defined, finding its optimal solution can be challenging for large datasets…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Roozbeh Yousefzadeh

With the widespread application of optimal transport (OT), its calculation becomes essential, and various algorithms have emerged. However, the existing methods either have low efficiency or cannot represent discontinuous maps. A novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Zezeng Li , Shenghao Li , Lianbao Jin , Na Lei , Zhongxuan Luo

We address the convergence problem in learning the Optimal Transport (OT) map, where the OT Map refers to a map from one distribution to another while minimizing the transport cost. Semi-dual Neural OT, a widely used approach for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jaemoo Choi , Jaewoong Choi , Dohyun Kwon

Optimal transport (OT) and Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) alignment provide interpretable geometric frameworks for comparing, transforming, and aggregating heterogeneous datasets -- tasks ubiquitous in data science and machine learning. Because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanjit Dandapanthula , Aleksandr Podkopaev , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Aaditya Ramdas , Ziv Goldfeld

Most mathematical distortions used in ML are fundamentally integral in nature: $f$-divergences, Bregman divergences, (regularized) optimal transport distances, integral probability metrics, geodesic distances, etc. In this paper, we unveil…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Richard Nock , Ehsan Amid , Frank Nielsen , Alexander Soen , Manfred K. Warmuth

Robotic pick and place tasks are symmetric under translations and rotations of both the object to be picked and the desired place pose. For example, if the pick object is rotated or translated, then the optimal pick action should also…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Haojie Huang , Dian Wang , Arsh Tangri , Robin Walters , Robert Platt

The ability to compare two degenerate probability distributions (i.e. two probability distributions supported on two distinct low-dimensional manifolds living in a much higher-dimensional space) is a crucial problem arising in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-23 Aude Genevay , Gabriel Peyré , Marco Cuturi

Object detection, for the most part, has been formulated in the euclidean space, where euclidean or spherical geodesic distances measure the similarity of an image region to an object class prototype. In this work, we study whether a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Christopher Lang , Alexander Braun , Abhinav Valada

We prove an exponential separation in sample complexity between Euclidean and hyperbolic representations for learning on hierarchical data under standard Lipschitz regularization. For depth-$R$ hierarchies with branching factor $m$, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-29 Divit Rawal , Sriram Vishwanath