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In this work, we present our various contributions to the objective of building a decision support tool for the diagnosis of rare diseases. Our goal is to achieve a state of knowledge where the uncertainty about the patient's disease is…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn a policy using only pre-collected and fixed data. Although avoiding the time-consuming online interactions in RL, it poses challenges for out-of-distribution (OOD) state actions and often…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a computational approach to reward-driven learning in sequential decision problems. It implements the discovery of optimal actions by learning from an agent interacting with an environment rather than from…

Motivation: Disease diagnosis oriented dialogue system models the interactive consultation procedure as Markov Decision Process and reinforcement learning algorithms are used to solve the problem. Existing approaches usually employ a flat…

Diagnosis-oriented dialogue system queries the patient's health condition and makes predictions about possible diseases through continuous interaction with the patient. A few studies use reinforcement learning (RL) to learn the optimal…

Developing 3D vision-language models with robust clinical reasoning remains a challenge due to the inherent complexity of volumetric medical imaging, the tendency of models to overfit superficial report patterns, and the lack of…

The automation of the medical evidence acquisition and diagnosis process has recently attracted increasing attention in order to reduce the workload of doctors and democratize access to medical care. However, most works proposed in the…

In medical diagnosis, physicians predict the state of a patient by checking measurements (features) obtained from a sequence of tests, e.g., blood test, urine test, followed by invasive tests. As tests are often costly, one would like to…

Dental disease is one of the most common chronic diseases despite being largely preventable. However, professional advice on optimal oral hygiene practices is often forgotten or abandoned by patients. Therefore patients may benefit from…

As a subfield of machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) aims at empowering one's capabilities in behavioural decision making by using interaction experience with the world and an evaluative feedback. Unlike traditional supervised…

Modern reasoning agents are increasingly evaluated on their ability to generate multiple valid solution paths, plans, or tool-use traces for a given input. Standard reward-maximizing RL tends to collapse onto the most easily reinforced…

Fault diagnosis (FD) is essential for maintaining operational safety and minimizing economic losses by detecting system abnormalities. Recently, deep learning (DL)-driven FD methods have gained prominence, offering significant improvements…

Medical automatic diagnosis aims to imitate human doctors in real-world diagnostic processes and to achieve accurate diagnoses by interacting with the patients. The task is formulated as a sequential decision-making problem with a series of…

Recently computer-aided diagnosis has demonstrated promising performance, effectively alleviating the workload of clinicians. However, the inherent sample imbalance among different diseases leads algorithms biased to the majority…

Multimodal pathological image understanding has garnered widespread interest due to its potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and enable personalized treatment through integrated visual and textual data. However, existing methods exhibit…

Deep learning has revolutionized the early detection of breast cancer, resulting in a significant decrease in mortality rates. However, difficulties in obtaining annotations and huge variations in distribution between training sets and real…

Deep learning techniques for medical image analysis usually suffer from the domain shift between source and target data. Most existing works focus on unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA). However, in practical applications, privacy issues…

Data augmentation is a crucial regularization technique for deep neural networks, particularly in medical image classification. Mainstream data augmentation (DA) methods are usually applied at the image level. Due to the specificity and…

Self-supervised methods have become crucial for advancing deep learning by leveraging data itself to reduce the need for expensive annotations. However, the question of how to conduct self-supervised offline reinforcement learning (RL) in a…

Clinical cystoscopy, the current standard for bladder cancer diagnosis, suffers from significant reliance on physician expertise, leading to variability and subjectivity in diagnostic outcomes. There is an urgent need for objective,…