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Recently, there has been a surge in the development of advanced intelligent generative content (AIGC), especially large language models (LLMs). However, for many downstream tasks, it is necessary to fine-tune LLMs using private data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Zhe Chen , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Yuguang Fang

Noise-robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been commonly addressed by applying speech enhancement (SE) at the waveform level before recognition. However, speech-level enhancement does not always translate into consistent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Da-Hee Yang , Joon-Hyuk Chang

In the age of data-driven decision making, preserving privacy while providing personalized experiences has become paramount. Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) offers a promising framework by decentralizing the learning process, thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Kevin Cooper , Michael Geller

Although federated learning improves privacy of training data by exchanging local gradients or parameters rather than raw data, the adversary still can leverage local gradients and parameters to obtain local training data by launching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Xue Yang , Yan Feng , Weijun Fang , Jun Shao , Xiaohu Tang , Shu-Tao Xia , Rongxing Lu

Personalized federated learning (PFL) is an approach proposed to address the issue of poor convergence on heterogeneous data. However, most existing PFL frameworks require strong assumptions for convergence. In this paper, we propose an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Shengkun Zhu , Jinshan Zeng , Sheng Wang , Yuan Sun , Zhiyong Peng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) push the boundaries of AI capabilities, their demand for data is growing. Much of this data is private and distributed across edge devices, making Federated Learning (FL) a de-facto alternative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hanzi Mei , Dongqi Cai , Ao Zhou , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

Train machine learning models on sensitive user data has raised increasing privacy concerns in many areas. Federated learning is a popular approach for privacy protection that collects the local gradient information instead of real data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Lichao Sun , Jianwei Qian , Xun Chen

Federated Learning (FL) is designed as a decentralized, privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing their data. In real-world scenarios, however, clients often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Maulidi Adi Prasetia , Muhamad Risqi U. Saputra , Guntur Dharma Putra

Integrating Foundation Models (FMs) into recommendation systems is an emerging and promising research direction. However, centralized paradigms face growing pressure from privacy concerns and strict regulatory requirements. Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhiwei Li , Guodong Long , Chunxu Zhang , Honglei Zhang , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm in which a central server coordinates multiple participants (clients) collaboratively to train on decentralized data. In practice, FL often faces statistical, system, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Liping Yi , Han Yu , Gang Wang , Xiaoguang Liu , Xiaoxiao Li

Federated learning (FL) enables the collaborative training of large-scale language models (LLMs) across edge devices while keeping user data on-device. However, FL still exposes sensitive information through client-provided gradients.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haaris Mehmood , Jie Xu , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Rogier Van Dalen , Mete Ozay

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as federated learning (FL)-based time series foundation models offers a promising way to transfer the generalization capabilities of LLMs to time series data while preserving access to private data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Liwei Deng , Qingxiang Liu , Xinhe Niu , Shengchao Chen , Sheng Sun , Yuankai Wu , Guodong Long , Yuxuan Liang

Federated learning (FL) effectively mitigates the data silo challenge brought about by policies and privacy concerns, implicitly harnessing more data for deep model training. However, traditional centralized FL models grapple with diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Li Lin , Yixiang Liu , Jiewei Wu , Pujin Cheng , Zhiyuan Cai , Kenneth K. Y. Wong , Xiaoying Tang

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across organizations without sharing raw data, addressing crucial privacy concerns in healthcare natural language processing (NLP). However, training large language models (LLMs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Lihong Zhang , Yue Li

Federated representation learning (FRL) aims to learn personalized federated models with effective feature extraction from local data. FRL algorithms that share the majority of the model parameters face significant challenges with huge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Haolin Yu , Guojun Zhang , Pascal Poupart

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm that avoids data sharing among training nodes so as to protect data privacy. Under coordination of the FL server, each client conducts model training using its own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Binbin Guo , Yuan Mei , Danyang Xiao , Weigang Wu , Ye Yin , Hongli Chang

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has created an unprecedented demand for fine-tuning models for specialized domains, such as medical science. While federated learning (FL) offers a decentralized and privacy-preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Amir Faiyaz , Tara Salman

We consider a distributed empirical risk minimization (ERM) optimization problem with communication efficiency and privacy requirements, motivated by the federated learning (FL) framework. Unique challenges to the traditional ERM problem in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Antonious M. Girgis , Deepesh Data , Suhas Diggavi , Peter Kairouz , Ananda Theertha Suresh

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for specific tasks introduces privacy risks, as models may inadvertently memorise and leak sensitive training data. While Differential Privacy (DP) offers a solution to mitigate these risks, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Olivia Ma , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Dmitrii Usynin

Existing federated learning (FL) studies usually assume the training label space and test label space are identical. However, in real-world applications, this assumption is too ideal to be true. A new user could come up with queries that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Huimin Zeng , Zhenrui Yue , Dong Wang