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The recent detection of gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) waves originating from the same source marks the start of a new multi-messenger era in astronomy. The arrival time difference between the GW and EM signal can be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-31 Paolo Cremonese , Edvard Mörtsell

One of the imminent science goals of pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) is the detection of a continuous gravitational wave (CGW) emitted by an individual supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB). SMBHBs that cause CGWs with GW frequencies…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-18 Kathrin Grunthal , Nataliya Porayko , David J. Champion , Michael Kramer

General relativity has predicted the existence of gravitational waves (GW), which are waves of the distortions of space-time with two degrees of polarization and the propagation speed of light. Alternative theories predict more…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 K. J. Lee

The properties of gravitational-wave (GW) propagation are modified in alternative theories of gravity and are crucial observables to test gravity at cosmological distance. The propagation speed has already been measured from GW170817 so…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-22 Atsushi Nishizawa , Shun Arai

Gravitational waves potentially represent our only direct probe of the universe when it was less than one second old. In particular, first-order phase transitions in the early universe can generate a stochastic background of gravitational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Tina Kahniashvili , Arthur Kosowsky , Grigol Gogoberidze , Yurii Maravin

By regularly monitoring the most stable millisecond pulsars over many years, pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are positioned to detect and study correlations in the timing behaviour of those pulsars. Gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive…

Pulsars, especially millisecond pulsars, are intrinsically very stable celestial clocks, and their great pulse period stability open up a wide range of potential applications to astronomical phenomena, such as a natural detector for very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-12-10 Joan Jing Wang , Hsiang-Kuang Chang

Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo are expected to make the first direct detections of gravitational waves (GW) in the next several years. Possible types of GW emission include short-duration bursts, signals from the coalescence of compact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-15 C. Van Den Broeck

Precision timing of highly stable milli-second pulsars is a promising technique for the detection of very low frequency sources of gravitational waves. In any single pulsar, a stochastic gravitational wave signal appears as an additional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-01 Neil J. Cornish , Laura M. Sampson

Gravitational wave (GW) detectors operating on a long time range can be used for the study of space distribution of sources of GW bursts or to put strong upper limits on the GW signal of a wide class of source candidates. For this purpose…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Paturel , Yu. B. Baryshev

The gravitational wave (GW) spectrum at frequencies above a kHz is a largely unexplored frontier. We show that detectors with sensitivity to single-phonon excitations in crystal targets can search for GWs with frequencies, $\mathrm{THz}…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-18 Yonatan Kahn , Jan Schütte-Engel , Tanner Trickle

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) can be used to search for very low frequency ($10^{-9}$--$10^{-7}$ Hz) gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper we present a general method for the detection and localization of single-source GWs using PTAs. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-27 Xing-Jiang Zhu , Linqing Wen , George Hobbs , Yilin Zhang , Yan Wang , Dustin R. Madison , Richard N. Manchester , Matthew Kerr , Pablo A. Rosado , Jingbo Wang

In this paper, we investigate the sensitivity to additional gravitational wave polarization modes of future detectors. We first look at the upcoming Einstein Telescope and its combination with existing or planned Earth-based detectors in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-20 Lionel Philippoz , Adrian Boîtier , Philippe Jetzer

We describe a novel, very fast and robust, directed search incoherent method for periodic gravitational waves (GWs) from neutron stars in binary systems. As directed search, we assume the source sky position to be known with enough…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-07 Paola Leaci , Pia Astone , Sabrina D'Antonio , Sergio Frasca , Cristiano Palomba , Ornella Piccinni , Simone Mastrogiovanni

This work describes a template-free method to search gravitational waves (GW) using data from the LIGO observatories simultaneously. The basic idea of this method is that a GW signal is present in a short-duration data segment if the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-07 Javier M. Antelis , Claudia Moreno

The mechanism for gamma ray bursters and the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) are two outstanding problems facing modern physics. Many models of gamma ray bursters predict copious GW emission, so the assumption of an association…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. T. Murphy , J. K. Webb , I. S. Heng

The strong evidence for low-frequency gravitational waves from pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), published in 2023, has widened the scope for teaching about gravitational wave astronomy. This article provides a simple, unified overview of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-27 Markus Pössel

We give a detailed treatment of electromagnetic signals generated by gravitational waves (GWs) in resonant cavity experiments. Our investigation corrects and builds upon previous studies by carefully accounting for the gauge dependence of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-04-25 Asher Berlin , Diego Blas , Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo , Sebastian A. R. Ellis , Roni Harnik , Yonatan Kahn , Jan Schütte-Engel

There exist six possible polarization modes of gravitational waves in general metric theory of gravity, while two tensor polarization modes are allowed in general relativity. The properties and number of polarization modes depend on gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-28 Hiroki Takeda , Atsushi Nishizawa , Koji Nagano , Yuta Michimura , Kentaro Komori , Masaki Ando , Kazuhiro Hayama

Cosmological gamma ray bursts are very likely powerful sources of high energy neutrinos and gravitational waves. The aim of this paper is to review and update the current predictions about the intensity of emission in this two forms to be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giulio Auriemma