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We present a method for the measurement of the phase gradient of a wavefront by tracking the relative motion of speckles in projection holograms as a sample is scanned across the wavefront. By removing the need to obtain an un-distorted…

Optics · Physics 2020-03-31 Andrew J. Morgan , Harry M. Quiney , Saša Bajt , Henry N. Chapman

We have designed, built, and characterized a high-resolution objective lens that is compatible with an ultra-high vacuum environment. The lens system exploits the principle of the Weierstrass-sphere solid immersion lens to reach a numerical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-04-05 Carsten Robens , Stefan Brakhane , Wolfgang Alt , Felix Kleißler , Dieter Meschede , Geol Moon , Gautam Ramola , Andrea Alberti

We present a new method for real- and complex-valued image reconstruction from two intensity measurements made in the Fourier plane: the Fourier magnitude of the unknown image, and the intensity of the interference pattern arising from…

Optics · Physics 2012-03-06 Eliyahu Osherovich , Michael Zibulevsky , Irad Yavneh

High-resolution imaging of ultracold atoms typically requires custom high numerical aperture (NA) optics, as is the case for quantum gas microscopy. These high NA objectives involve many optical elements each of which contributes to loss…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-11-01 Emine Altuntas , Ian B. Spielman

The focusing properties of three aspheric lenses with numerical aperture (NA) between 0.53 and 0.68 were directly measured using an interferometrically referenced scanning knife-edge beam profiler with sub-micron resolution. The results…

Optics · Physics 2011-08-31 J. J. Chapman , B. G. Norton , E. W. Streed , D. Kielpinski

Fluorescence imaging is an essential diagnostic tool in many fields, but diffraction-limited optical imaging at depth is limited by scattering. Here, we present a method based on multiple random illuminations, combined with a computational…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-30 Lei Zhu , Tengfei Wu , Bernhard Rauer , Hilton B. de Aguiar , Sylvain Gigan

Metasurfaces composed of subwavelength nanostructures enable simultaneous control of polarization and wavefront, greatly enhancing holographic information capacity. Building on this capability, we extend holography into the quantum domain…

The purpose of this work is to provide theoretically grounded assessment on both the field-of-view and the bandwidth of a lensless holographic setup. Indeed, while previous works have presented results with super-resolution and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-23 Ferréol Soulez

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a recently developed imaging modality that uses angularly varying illumination to extend a system performance beyond the limit defined by its optical elements. The FPM technique applies a novel…

Optics · Physics 2014-05-02 Xiaoze Ou , Roarke Horstmeyer , Changhuei Yang , Guoan Zheng

Single particle imaging (SPI) at X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is a technique to determine the 3D structure of nanoscale objects like biomolecules from a large number of diffraction patterns of copies of these objects in random…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-20 Abhishek Mall , Kartik Ayyer

Dispersion engineering is a long-standing challenge in optical systems, and it is particularly important for metasurfaces, which naturally suffer from strong chromatic aberrations due to their ultralow profile. Stacks of metasurfaces have…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Yuzhong Wang , Axiang Yu , Yayun Cheng , Yongkang Dong , Jiaran Qi , Andrea Alu

In both light optics and electron optics, the amplitude of a wave scattered by an object is an observable that is usually recorded in the form of an intensity distribution in a real space image or a diffraction image. In contrast, retrieval…

Holographic microscopy combined with forward modeling and inference allows colloidal particles to be characterized and tracked in three dimensions with high precision. However, current models ignore the effects of optical aberrations on…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-27 Caroline Martin , Brian Leahy , Vinothan Manoharan

DeepAngle is a machine learning-based method to determine the contact angles of different phases in the tomography images of porous materials. Measurement of angles in 3--D needs to be done within the surface perpendicular to the angle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Arash Rabbani , Chenhao Sun , Masoud Babaei , Vahid J. Niasar , Ryan T. Armstrong , Peyman Mostaghimi

Atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) characterization requires precise tilting of the specimen to high symmetric zone axis, which is usually processed in reciprocal space by following the diffraction patterns.…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-04 Jiake Wei , Zhangze Xu , Wenjie Shen , Bin Feng , Ryo Ishikawa , Naoya Shibata , Yuichi Ikuhara , Xuedong Bai

Image resolvability is the primary concern in imaging. This paper reports an estimation of the full width at half maximum of the point spread function from a Fourier domain plot of real sample images by neither using test objects, nor…

Methods of three-dimensional deconvolution (3DD) or volumetric deconvolution of optical complex-valued wavefronts diffracted by 3D samples with the 3D point spread function are presented. Particularly, the quantitative correctness of the…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-11 Tatiana Latychevskaia

Off-axis X-ray holography is a lensless imaging technique that allows unambiguous retrieval of an object's exit-wave function with high fidelity. It has been used with great success to study nanoscale phenomena and spatio-temporal dynamics…

Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is a recent technique to overcome the diffraction limit of a low numerical aperture (NA) objective lens by algorithmic post-processing of several lower resolved images. It can increase the…

Electromagnetic waves possessing orbital angular momentum (OAM) are powerful tools for applications in optical communications, new quantum technologies and optical tweezers. Recently, they have attracted growing interest since they can be…