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We investigate the unbiased model for money exchanges with collective debt limit: agents give at random time a dollar to one another as long as they have at least one dollar or they can borrow a dollar from a central bank if the bank is not…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-08-24 Fei Cao , Sébastien Motsch

We investigate the repeated averaging model for money exchanges: two agents picked uniformly at random share half of their wealth to each other. It is intuitively convincing that a Dirac distribution of wealth (centered at the initial…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Fei Cao

The kinetic exchange model has gained popularity in the field of statistical mechanics for investigating wealth interaction. Traditionally, kinetic exchange models have been studied without considering preferential interactions. However, in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-05-26 Suchismita Banerjee

The agent-based Yard-Sale model of wealth inequality is generalized to incorporate exponential economic growth and its distribution. The distribution of economic growth is nonuniform and is determined by the wealth of each agent and a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-26 Kang K. L. Liu , N. Lubbers , W. Klein , J. Tobochnik , B. M. Boghosian , Harvey Gould

This paper investigates the emergence of wealth inequality through a minimalist kinetic exchange model that incorporates two fundamental economic features: fixed-amount transactions and hard budget constraints. In contrast to the maximum…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-12 Jihyuan Liuh

We consider a simple theoretical model to investigate the impact of inheritances on the wealth distribution. Wealth is described as a finite resource, which remains constant over different generations and is divided equally among offspring.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-11-17 Pedro Patrício , Nuno A. M. Araújo

We develop a statistical framework for wealth allocation in which agents hold discrete units of wealth and macrostates are defined by how wealth is distributed across agents. The structure of the economic state space is characterized…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-04 Korak Biswas

Our computational economic analysis investigates the relationship between inequality, mobility and the financial accumulation process. Extending the baseline model by Levy et al., we characterise the economic process through stylised return…

General Economics · Economics 2020-02-20 Simone Righi , Yuri Biondi

In our model, $n$ traders interact with each other and with a central bank; they are taxed on the money they make, some of which is dissipated away by corruption. A generic feature of our model is that the richest trader always wins by…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Anita Mehta , A. S. Majumdar , J. M. Luck

We look at the meaning of 'relaxation' in the wealth exchange models that are recently proposed in Econophysics to interpret the wealth distributions. To quantify and characterise the process of relaxation, we define an appropriate quantity…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Abhijit KarGupta

We present a model in which we investigate the structure and evolution of a random network that connects agents capable of exchanging wealth. Economic interactions between neighbors can occur only if the difference between their wealth is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-19 A. Agreda , K. Tucci

Different models of capital exchange among economic agents have been proposed recently trying to explain the emergence of Pareto's wealth power law distribution. One important factor to be considered is the existence of risk aversion. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. R. Iglesias , S. Goncalves , G. Abramson , J. L. Vega

We propose some kinetic models of wealth exchange and investigate their behavior on directed networks though numerical simulations. We observe that network topology and directedness yields a variety of interesting features in these models.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Arnab Chatterjee

Models of auctions or tendering processes are introduced. In every round of bidding the players select their bid from a probability distribution and whenever a bid is unsuccessful, it is discarded and replaced. For simple models, the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-11-07 R. D'Hulst , G. J. Rodgers

Studies of wealth inequality often assume that an observed wealth distribution reflects a system in equilibrium. This constraint is rarely tested empirically. We introduce a simple model that allows equilibrium but does not assume it. To…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2016-05-19 Yonatan Berman , Ole Peters , Alexander Adamou

We analyze a conservative market model for the competition among economic agents in a close society. A minimum dynamics ensures that the poorest agent has a chance to improve its economic welfare. After a transient, the system…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Pianegonda , J. R. Iglesias

The conservative wealth-exchange process derived from trade interactions is modeled as a multiplicative stochastic transference of value, where each interaction multiplies the wealth of the poorest of the two intervening agents by a random…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-30 Cristian F. Moukarzel

This paper will examine a model with many agents, each of whom has a different belief about the dynamics of a risky asset. The agents are Bayesian and so learn about the asset over time. All agents are assumed to have a finite (but random)…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2009-07-29 A. A. Brown , L. C. G. Rogers

In order to describe the properties of the observed distribution of wealth in a population, most economic models rely on the existence of an asymptotic equilibrium state. In addition, the process generating the equilibrium distribution is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-16 Valerio Astuti

We present and analyze a model for the evolution of the wealth distribution within a heterogeneous economic environment. The model considers a system of rational agents interacting in a game theoretical framework, through fairly general…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-16 Pierre Degond , Jian-Guo Liu , Christian Ringhofer