English
Related papers

Related papers: Exact Inference for Disease Prevalence Based on a …

200 papers

One of the most commonly used methods for forming confidence intervals for statistical inference is the empirical bootstrap, which is especially expedient when the limiting distribution of the estimator is unknown. However, despite its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Morgane Austern , Vasilis Syrgkanis

This paper proposes asymptotically distribution-free inference methods for comparing a broad range of welfare indices across dependent samples, including those employed in inequality, poverty, and risk analysis. Two distinct situations are…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-29 Jean-Marie Dufour , Tianyu He

Estimating the prevalence of a medical condition, or the proportion of the population in which it occurs, is a fundamental problem in healthcare and public health. Accurate estimates of the relative prevalence across groups -- capturing,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Divya Shanmugam , Kaihua Hou , Emma Pierson

Nonprobability (convenience) samples are increasingly sought to reduce the estimation variance for one or more population variables of interest that are estimated using a randomized survey (reference) sample by increasing the effective…

Variational inference is a general approach for approximating complex density functions, such as those arising in latent variable models, popular in machine learning. It has been applied to approximate the maximum likelihood estimator and…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-19 Yen-Chi Chen , Y. Samuel Wang , Elena A. Erosheva

Many modern estimators require bootstrapping to calculate confidence intervals because either no analytic standard error is available or the distribution of the parameter of interest is non-symmetric. It remains however unclear how to…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-13 Michael Schomaker , Christian Heumann

We propose a monitoring strategy for efficient and robust estimation of disease prevalence and case numbers within closed and enumerated populations such as schools, workplaces, or retirement communities. The proposed design relies largely…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-22 Robert H. Lyles , Yuzi Zhang , Lin Ge , Lance A. Waller

While widely used as a general method for uncertainty quantification, the bootstrap method encounters difficulties that raise concerns about its validity in practical applications. This paper introduces a new resampling-based method, termed…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-30 Yiran Jiang , Chuanhai Liu , Heping Zhang

The identification of causal effects in observational studies typically relies on two standard assumptions: unconfoundedness and overlap. However, both assumptions are often questionable in practice: unconfoundedness is inherently…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Han Cui , Xinran Li

The interpretation of sampling data plays a crucial role in policy response to the spread of a disease during an epidemic, such as the COVID-19 epidemic of 2020. However, this is a non-trivial endeavor due to the complexity of real world…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-30 James D. Brunner , Nicholas Chia

Modern problems in statistics tend to include estimators of high computational complexity and with complicated distributions. Statistical inference on such estimators usually relies on asymptotic normality assumptions, however, such…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-08 Eyal Fisher , Regev Schweiger , Saharon Rosset

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions such as universities and workplaces implemented testing regimens with every member of some population tested longitudinally, and those testing positive isolated for some time. Although the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-19 Patrick M. Schnell , Matthew Wascher , Grzegorz A. Rempala

We propose a mathematical model based on probability theory to optimize COVID-19 testing by a multi-step batch testing approach with variable batch sizes. This model and simulation tool dramatically increase the efficiency and efficacy of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-11 Hongshik Ahn , Haoran Jiang , Xiaolin Li

Bootstrapping is often applied to get confidence limits for semiparametric inference of a target parameter in the presence of nuisance parameters. Bootstrapping with replacement can be computationally expensive and problematic when…

I propose a new type of confidence interval for correct asymptotic inference after using data to select a model of interest without assuming any model is correctly specified. This hybrid confidence interval is constructed by combining…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-25 Adam McCloskey

This paper deals with the problem of estimating variables in nonlinear models for the spread of disease and its application to the COVID-19 epidemic. First unconstrained methods are revisited and they are shown to correspond to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Mauricio C. de Oliveira

Clinical prediction models are estimated using a sample of limited size from the target population, leading to uncertainty in predictions, even when the model is correctly specified. Generally, not all patient profiles are observed…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-09 Doranne Thomassen , Saskia le Cessie , Hans van Houwelingen , Ewout Steyerberg

Various methods have recently been proposed to estimate causal effects with confidence intervals that are uniformly valid over a set of data generating processes when high-dimensional nuisance models are estimated by post-model-selection or…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Niloofar Moosavi , Tetiana Gorbach , Xavier de Luna

Survey data often arises from complex sampling designs, such as stratified or multistage sampling, with unequal inclusion probabilities. When sampling is informative, traditional inference methods yield biased estimators and poor coverage.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-17 Snigdha Das , Dipankar Bandyopadhyay , Debdeep Pati

The development of a new diagnostic test ideally follows a sequence of stages which, amongst other aims, evaluate technical performance. This includes an analytical validity study, a diagnostic accuracy study and an interventional clinical…