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The advent of high-contrast imaging instruments combined with medium-resolution spectrographs allows spectral and temporal dimensions to be combined with spatial dimensions to detect and potentially characterize exoplanets with higher…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-11 Rakesh Nath-Ranga , Olivier Absil , Valentin Christiaens , Emily O. Garvin

We propose a method for observing transiting exoplanets with near-infrared high-resolution spectrometers. We aim to create a robust data analysis method for recovering atmospheric transmission spectra from transiting exoplanets over a wide…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Erik Aronson , Pierre Waldén , Nikolai Piskunov

The majority of exoplanets found to date have been discovered via the transit method, and transmission spectroscopy represents the primary method of studying these distant worlds. Currently, in-depth atmospheric characterization of…

The detection of reflected light from an exoplanet is a difficult technical challenge at optical wavelengths. Even though this signal is expected to replicate the stellar signal, not only is it several orders of magnitude fainter, but it is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-24 J. H. C. Martins , N. C. Santos , P. Figueira , J. P. Faria , M. Montalto , I. Boisse , D. Ehrenreich , C. Lovis , M. Mayor , C. Melo , F. Pepe , S. G. Sousa , S. Udry , D. Cunha

The radial velocity technique is currently used to classify transiting objects. While capable of identifying grazing binary eclipses, this technique cannot reliably identify blends, a chance overlap of a faint background eclipsing binary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. Tingley

The most successful method used so far to search for extrasolar planets is the radial velocity technique, where periodical shifts on the measured emission from a star provide evidence for an orbiting planet. This method has been used on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-15 Carlos Bacigalupo

We present a novel method to determine eccentricity constraints of extrasolar planets in systems with multiple transiting planets through photometry alone. Our method is highly model independent, making no assumptions about the stellar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 David M. Kipping , William R. Dunn , Jamie M. Jasinski , Varun P. Manthri

While radial velocity surveys have demonstrated that the population of gas giants peaks around $3~\text{au}$, the most recent high-contrast imaging surveys have only been sensitive to planets beyond $\sim~10~\text{au}$. Sensitivity at small…

The imaging and characterization of a larger range of exoplanets, down to young Jupiters and exo-Earths will require accessing very high contrasts at small angular separations with an increased robustness to aberrations, three constraints…

Transiting planet discoveries have largely been restricted to the short-period or low-periastron distance regimes due to the bias inherent in the geometric transit probability. Through the refinement of planetary orbital parameters, and…

We investigate directly imaging exoplanets around eclipsing binaries, using the eclipse as a natural tool for dimming the binary and thus increasing the planet to star brightness contrast. At eclipse, the binary becomes point-like, making…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Stefano Bellotti , Ann Zabludoff , Ruslan Belikov , Olivier Guyon , Chirag Rathi

We aim at searching for exoplanets on the whole ESO/VLT-SPHERE archive with improved and unsupervised data analysis algorithm that could allow to detect massive giant planets at 5 au. To prepare, test and optimize our approach, we gathered…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-26 A. Chomez , A. -M. Lagrange , P. Delorme , M. Langlois , G. Chauvin , O. Flasseur , J. Dallant , F. Philipot , S. Bergeon , D. Albert , N. Meunier , P. Rubini

The detection of transits is an efficient technique to uncover faint companions around stars. The full characterisation of the companions (M-type stars, brown dwarfs or exoplanets) requires high-resolution spectroscopy to measure properly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 J. Gallardo , D. Minniti , D. Valls-Gabaud , M. Rejkuba

We describe work in progress by a collaboration of astronomers and statisticians developing a suite of Bayesian data analysis tools for extrasolar planet (exoplanet) detection, planetary orbit estimation, and adaptive scheduling of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-11 Thomas J. Loredo , James O. Berger , David F. Chernoff , Merlise A. Clyde , Bin Liu

This chapter reviews various methods of detecting planetary companions to stars from an observational perspective, focusing on radial velocities, astrometry, direct imaging, transits, and gravitational microlensing. For each method, this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-11 Jason T. Wright , B. Scott Gaudi

The main challenge of exoplanet high-contrast imaging (HCI) is to separate the signal of exoplanets from their host stars, which are many orders of magnitude brighter. HCI for ground-based observations is further exacerbated by speckle…

We examine the role of instrumental systematics in the search for small amplitude signal components in the presence of large amplitude signals. Current analyses of variable stars dealing with the above situation seem to ignore the effects…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-06 Geza Kovacs

Our understanding of extra-solar planet systems is highly driven by advances in observations in the past decade. Thanks to high precision spectrograph, we are able to reveal unseen companions to stars with the radial velocity method. High…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-25 Chien-Hsiu Lee

Direct imaging of exoplanets presents both significant challenges and significant gains. The advantages primarily lie in receiving emitted and, with future instruments, reflected photons at phase angles not accessible by other techniques,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Stephen R. Kane , Tiffany Meshkat , Margaret C. Turnbull

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is conducting a two-year wide-field survey searching for transiting exoplanets around nearby bright stars that will be ideal for follow-up characterization. To facilitate studies of planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-15 Rachel A. Matson , Steve B. Howell , David Ciardi