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For many tracking and surveillance applications, background subtraction provides an effective means of segmenting objects moving in front of a static background. Researchers have traditionally used combinations of morphological operations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-17 Nicholas R. Howe , Alexandra Deschamps

Infrared small target detection remains challenging due to limited feature representation and severe background interference, resulting in sub-optimal performance. While recent CLIP-inspired methods attempt to leverage textual guidance for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zixuan Wang , Haoran Sun , Jiaming Lu , Wenxuan Wang , Zhongling Huang , Dingwen Zhang , Xuelin Qian , Junwei Han

Integrating multispectral data in object detection, especially visible and infrared images, has received great attention in recent years. Since visible (RGB) and infrared (IR) images can provide complementary information to handle light…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Maoxun Yuan , Yinyan Wang , Xingxing Wei

The problem of radar detection in compound Gaussian clutter when a radar signature is not completely known has not been considered yet and is addressed in this paper. We proposed a robust technique to detect, based on the generalized…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-10-10 Mai P. T. Nguyen , I. Song

Infrared small object detection is an important computer vision task involving the recognition and localization of tiny objects in infrared images, which usually contain only a few pixels. However, it encounters difficulties due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Shibiao Xu , ShuChen Zheng , Wenhao Xu , Rongtao Xu , Changwei Wang , Jiguang Zhang , Xiaoqiang Teng , Ao Li , Li Guo

Resolving closely-spaced small targets in dense clusters presents a significant challenge in infrared imaging, as the overlapping signals hinder precise determination of their quantity, sub-pixel positions, and radiation intensities. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Shengdong Han , Shangdong Yang , Xin Zhang , Yuxuan Li , Xiang Li , Jian Yang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Yimian Dai

The Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD) approach robustly estimates the location and scatter matrix using the subset of given size with lowest sample covariance determinant. Its main drawback is that it cannot be applied when the dimension…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-13 Kris Boudt , Peter J. Rousseeuw , Steven Vanduffel , Tim Verdonck

Multispectral object detection, utilizing RGB and TIR (thermal infrared) modalities, is widely recognized as a challenging task. It requires not only the effective extraction of features from both modalities and robust fusion strategies,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Chen Zhou , Peng Cheng , Junfeng Fang , Yifan Zhang , Yibo Yan , Xiaojun Jia , Yanyan Xu , Kun Wang , Xiaochun Cao

It is often difficult to obtain sufficient training data for adaptive signal detection, which is required to calculate the unknown noise covariance matrix. Additionally, interference is frequently present, which complicates the detecting…

Applications · Statistics 2023-06-14 Weijian Liu , Jun Liu , Tao Liu , Hui Chen , Yong-Liang Wang

We present a fully interpretable and flexible statistical method for background subtraction in roadside LiDAR data, aimed at enhancing infrastructure-based perception in automated driving. Our approach introduces both a Gaussian…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Aitor Iglesias , Nerea Aranjuelo , Patricia Javierre , Ainhoa Menendez , Ignacio Arganda-Carreras , Marcos Nieto

Indoor traversability segmentation aims to identify safe, navigable free space for autonomous agents, which is critical for robotic navigation. Pure vision-based models often fail to detect thin obstacles, such as chair legs, which can pose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Qiyuan An , Tuan Dang , Fillia Makedon

Infrared small targets are typically tiny and locally salient, which belong to high-frequency components (HFCs) in images. Single-frame infrared small target (SIRST) detection is challenging, since there are many HFCs along with targets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ruojing Li , Chao Xiao , Qian Yin , Wei An , Nuo Chen , Xinyi Ying , Miao Li , Yingqian Wang

The reliability of grasp detection for target objects in complex scenes is a challenging task and a critical problem that needs to be solved urgently in practical application. At present, the grasp detection location comes from searching…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Mingshuai Dong , Shimin Wei , Xiuli Yu , Jianqin Yin

Small object detection under complex backgrounds remains a challenging task due to severe feature degradation, weak semantic representation, and inaccurate localization caused by downsampling operations and background interference. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Wenguang Tao , Xiaotian Wang , Tian Yan , Yi Wang , Jie Yan

Infrared small target detection is a key technique in infrared search and tracking (IRST) systems. Although deep learning has been widely used in the vision tasks of visible light images recently, it is rarely used in infrared small target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Mingxin Zhao , Li Cheng , Xu Yang , Peng Feng , Liyuan Liu , Nanjian Wu

Recently, infrared small target detection with single-point supervision has attracted extensive attention. However, the detection accuracy of existing methods has difficulty meeting actual needs. Therefore, we propose an innovative refined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Jinmiao Zhao , Zelin Shi , Chuang Yu , Yunpeng Liu

Small target motion detection is critical for insects to search for and track mates or prey which always appear as small dim speckles in the visual field. A class of specific neurons, called small target motion detectors (STMDs), has been…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Hongxin Wang , Jigen Peng , Shigang Yue

Detection and tracking are the basic tasks of radar systems. Current joint detection tracking methods, which focus on dynamically adjusting detection thresholds from tracking results, still present challenges in fully utilizing the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Chenyu Zhang , Yuanhang Wu , Xiaoxi Ma , Wei Yi

Hyperspectral target detection is a pixel-level recognition problem. Given a few target samples, it aims to identify the specific target pixels such as airplane, vehicle, ship, from the entire hyperspectral image. In general, the background…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Can Yao , Yuan Yuan , Zhiyu Jiang

Detecting small targets at range is difficult because there is not enough spatial information present in an image sub-region containing the target to use correlation-based methods to differentiate it from dynamic confusers present in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Tegan Emerson , Sarah Tymochko , George Stantchev , Jason A. Edelberg , Michael Wilson , Colin C. Olson