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Infrared small target detection in an infrared search and track (IRST) system is a challenging task. This situation becomes more complicated when high gray-intensity structural backgrounds appear in the field of view (FoV) of the infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Saed Moradi , Payman Moallem , Mohamad Farzan Sabahi

Infrared Small Target Detection (IRSTD) aims to segment small targets from infrared clutter background. Existing methods mainly focus on discriminative approaches, i.e., a pixel-level front-background binary segmentation. Since infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haoqing Li , Jinfu Yang , Yifei Xu , Runshi Wang

Infrared small target detection plays a crucial role in military reconnaissance and air defense systems. However,existing low-rank sparse based methods still face high computational complexity when dealing with low-contrast small targets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Ke-Xin Li

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) poses a significant challenge in the field of computer vision. While substantial efforts have been made over the past two decades to improve the detection capabilities of IRSTD algorithms, there has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Saed Moradi , Alireza Memarmoghadam , Payman Moallem , Mohamad Farzan Sabahi

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) faces the inherent challenge of precisely localizing dim targets amid complex background clutter. While progress has been made, existing methods usually follow conventional strategies to downsample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Qian Xu , Chi Zhang , Qiming Zhang , Xi Li , Haojuan Yuan , Mingjin Zhang

Infrared small-target detection (ISTD) is an important computer vision task. ISTD aims at separating small targets from complex background clutter. The infrared radiation decays over distances, making the targets highly dim and prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jingchao Peng , Haitao Zhao , Kaijie Zhao , Zhongze Wang , Lujian Yao

\textcolor{blue}{This is the pre-acceptance version, to read the final version please go to \href{https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11156113}{IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing on IEEE Xplore}.} Infrared small target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Guoyi Zhang , Guangsheng Xu , Siyang Chen , Han Wang , Xiaohu Zhang

IRSTD (InfraRed Small Target Detection) detects small targets in infrared blurry backgrounds and is essential for various applications. The detection task is challenging due to the small size of the targets and their sparse distribution in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Pranav Singh , Pravendra Singh

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) under complex backgrounds is a difficult problem, for the differences between targets and backgrounds are not easy to distinguish. Background reconstruction is one of the methods to deal with this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jingchao Peng , Haitao Zhao , Kaijie Zhao , Zhongze Wang , Lujian Yao

The infrared small-dim target detection is one of the key techniques in the infrared search and tracking system. Since the local regions similar to infrared small-dim targets spread over the whole background, exploring the interaction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Fangcen Liu , Chenqiang Gao , Fang Chen , Deyu Meng , Wangmeng Zuo , Xinbo Gao

Infrared small target detection is currently a hot and challenging task in computer vision. Existing methods usually focus on mining visual features of targets, which struggles to cope with complex and diverse detection scenarios. The main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Feng Huang , Shuyuan Zheng , Zhaobing Qiu , Huanxian Liu , Huanxin Bai , Liqiong Chen

The accurate target-background separation in infrared small target detection (IRSTD) highly depends on the discriminability of extracted representations. However, most existing methods are confined to domain-consistent settings, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yimin Fu , Songbo Wang , Feiyan Wu , Jialin Lyu , Zhunga Liu , Michael K. Ng

As an essential vision task, infrared small target detection (IRSTD) has seen significant advancements through deep learning. However, critical limitations in current evaluation protocols impede further progress. First, existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Youwei Pang , Xiaoqi Zhao , Lihe Zhang , Huchuan Lu , Georges El Fakhri , Xiaofeng Liu , Shijian Lu

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) is critical for defense and surveillance but remains challenging due to (1) target loss from minimal features, (2) false alarms in cluttered environments, (3) missed detections from low saliency, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Abdulkarim Atrash , Omar Moured , Yufan Chen , Jiaming Zhang , Seyda Ertekin , Omur Ugur

The technique of detecting multiple dim and small targets with low signal-to-clutter ratios (SCR) is very important for infrared search and tracking systems. In this paper, we establish a detection method derived from maximal entropy random…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Chaoqun Xia , Xiaorun Li , Liaoying Zhao , Shuhan Chen

Recently, infrared small target detection (IRSTD) has been dominated by deep-learning-based methods. However, these methods mainly focus on the design of complex model structures to extract discriminative features, leaving the loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Qiankun Liu , Rui Liu , Bolun Zheng , Hongkui Wang , Ying Fu

Infrared small target detection plays an important role in the remote sensing fields. Therefore, many detection algorithms have been proposed, in which the infrared patch-tensor (IPT) model has become a mainstream tool due to its excellent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Guiyu Zhang , Qunbo Lv , Zui Tao , Baoyu Zhu , Zheng Tan , Yuan Ma

Infrared small target detection(IRSTD) is widely recognized as a challenging task due to the inherent limitations of infrared imaging, including low signal-to-noise ratios, lack of texture details, and complex background interference. While…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Yuxin Jing , Yuchen Zheng , Jufeng Zhao , Guangmang Cui , Tianpei Zhang

Factors, such as rapid relative motion, clutter background, etc., make robust small aerial target detection for airborne infrared detection systems a challenge. Existing methods are facing difficulties when dealing with such cases. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaoliang Sun , Liangchao Guo , Wenlong Zhang , Zi Wang , Qifeng Yu

Single-frame infrared small target (SIRST) detection aims at separating small targets from clutter backgrounds on infrared images. Recently, deep learning based methods have achieved promising performance on SIRST detection, but at the cost…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Boyang Li , Yingqian Wang , Longguang Wang , Fei Zhang , Ting Liu , Zaiping Lin , Wei An , Yulan Guo
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