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We investigate the property of a spatial graph of having a leveled embedding and characterize the abstract graphs with this property. We show that all leveled embeddings are free and we compare leveled and paneled (also known as flat)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Senja Barthel , Fabio Buccoliero

For a connected graph $G$ with order $n$, let $e(G)$ represent the number of its distinct eigenvalues, and let $d$ denote its diameter. We denote the eigenvalue multiplicity of $\mu$ in $G$ by $m_G(\mu)$. It is well established that the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Songnian Xu

We give an upper bound on the smallest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of graphs with no p-cliques.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 V. Nikiforov

We study the stabilized automorphism group of minimal and, more generally, certain transitive dynamical systems. Our approach involves developing new algebraic tools to extract information about the rational eigenvalues of these systems…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-03-08 Bastián Espinoza , Jennifer N. Jones-Baro

The $\gamma$-graph of a graph $G$ is the graph whose vertices are labelled by the minimum dominating sets of $G$, in which two vertices are adjacent when their corresponding minimum dominating sets (each of size $\gamma(G)$) intersect in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-06 Matt DeVos , Adam Dyck , Jonathan Jedwab , Samuel Simon

In this note we give a new upper bound for the Laplacian eigenvalues of an unweighted graph. Let $G$ be a simple graph on $n$ vertices. Let $d_{m}(G)$ and $\lambda_{m+1}(G)$ be the $m$-th smallest degree of $G$ and the $m+1$-th smallest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-07 Miriam Farber , Ido Kaminer

In this paper we determine the graph whose least eigenvalue of signless Laplacian attains the minimum or maximum among all connected non-bipartite graphs of fixed order and given number of pendant vertices. Thus we obtain a lower bound and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Yi-Zheng Fan , Yi Wang , Huan Guo

We look at a graph property called reducibility which is closely related to a condition developed by Brown to evaluate Feynman integrals. We show for graphs with a fixed number of external momenta, that reducibility with respect to both…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-29 Benjamin Moore , Karen Yeats

This paper explores recent progress related to constraint maps. Building on the exposition in [14], our goal is to provide a clear and accessible account of some of the more intricate arguments behind the main results in this work. Along…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Alessio Figalli , André Guerra , Sunghan Kim , Henrik Shahgholian

An automorphism of a graph is called quasi-semiregular if it fixes a unique vertex of the graph and its remaining cycles have the same length. This kind of symmetry of graphs was first investigated by Kutnar, Malni\v{c}, Mart\'{i}nez and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-02 Fu-Gang Yin , Yan-Quan Feng , Jin-Xin Zhou , A-Hui Jia

This work presents conjectures about eigenvalues of matrices associated with $k$-path graphs, the algebraic connectivity, defined as the second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix, and the $\alpha$-index, as the largest eigenvalue…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Rafael L. de Paula , Claudia M. Justel , Carla S. Oliveira , Milena S. Carauba

A finite non-abelian group $H$ is hamiltonian if all of its subgroups are normal. We compute the minimal orders of graphs having a hamiltonian group as their automorphism group. The fixing number of a graph $\Gamma$ is the minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Kirti Sahu , Ranjit Mehatari

Let $(n^+, n^0, n^-)$ denote the inertia of a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices. Nordhaus-Gaddum bounds are known for inertia, except for an upper bound for $n^-$. We conjecture that for any graph \[ n^-(G) + n^-(\bar{G}) \le 1.5(n - 1), \] and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Pawel Wocjan , Clive Elphick

Let $G$ be a connected hypergraph with even uniformity, which contains cut vertices. Then $G$ is the coalescence of two nontrivial connected sub-hypergraphs (called branches) at a cut vertex. Let $\mathcal{A}(G)$ be the adjacency tensor of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Yi-Zheng Fan , Zhu Zhu , Yi Wang

We present sharp inequalities relating the number of vertices, edges, and triangles of a graph to the smallest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix and the largest eigenvalue of its Laplacian.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

Graphs with bounded thinness were defined in 2007 as a generalization of interval graphs. In this paper we introduce the concept of proper thinness, such that graphs with bounded proper thinness generalize proper interval graphs. We study…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Flavia Bonomo , Diego de Estrada

We study the optimal estimation of probability matrices of random graph models generated from graphons. This problem has been extensively studied in the case of step-graphons and H\"older smooth graphons. In this work, we characterize the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-03 Yuchen Chen , Jing Lei

In this paper, we study a question of Hong from 1993 related to the minimum spectral radii of the adjacency matrices of connected graphs of given order and size. Hong asked if it is true that among all connected graphs of given number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Vishal Gupta , Celso Marques

In this paper, we discuss automorphism related parameters of a graph associated to a finite vector space. The fixing neighborhood of a pair $(u,v)$ of vertices of a graph $G$ is the set of all those vertices $w$ of $G$, such that the orbits…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-31 Hira Benish , Imran Javaid , M. Murtaza

We study planar graphs with large negative curvature outside of a finite set and the spectral theory of Schr{\"o}dinger operators on these graphs. We obtain estimates on the first and second order term of the eigenvalue asymptotics.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-09 Michel Bonnefont , Sylvain Golenia , Matthias Keller