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Related papers: Exploring Alternatives to Softmax Function

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This paper analyzes and compares different deep learning loss functions in the framework of multi-label remote sensing (RS) image scene classification problems. We consider seven loss functions: 1) cross-entropy loss; 2) focal loss; 3)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Hichame Yessou , Gencer Sumbul , Begüm Demir

Robust loss functions are essential for training deep neural networks with better generalization power in the presence of noisy labels. Symmetric loss functions are confirmed to be robust to label noise. However, the symmetric condition is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Xiong Zhou , Xianming Liu , Junjun Jiang , Xin Gao , Xiangyang Ji

This paper explores semi-supervised training for sequence tasks, such as Optical Character Recognition or Automatic Speech Recognition. We propose a novel loss function $\unicode{x2013}$ SoftCTC $\unicode{x2013}$ which is an extension of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Martin Kišš , Michal Hradiš , Karel Beneš , Petr Buchal , Michal Kula

The loss function used to train a neural network is strongly connected to its output layer from a statistical point of view. This technical report analyzes common activation functions for a neural network output layer, like linear, sigmoid,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Fernando Berzal

The choice of loss function in classification involves a fundamental trade-off: smooth losses (like Cross-Entropy) enable fast optimization rates but yield slow square-root consistency bounds, while piecewise-linear losses (like Hinge)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

Deep learning techniques are renowned for supporting effective transfer learning. However, as we demonstrate, the transferred representations support only a few modes of separation and much of its dimensionality is unutilized. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-23 Etai Littwin , Lior Wolf

In the field of face recognition, it is always a hot research topic to improve the loss solution to make the face features extracted by the network have greater discriminative power. Research works in recent years has improved the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Meng Sang , Jiaxuan Chen , Mengzhen Li , Pan Tan , Anning Pan , Shan Zhao , Yang Yang

Hard-label classification is usually trained with smooth surrogate losses, most prominently softmax cross-entropy. We isolate an asymptotic mechanism by which this mismatch between smooth surrogate and discrete labels produces power-law…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Marcel Kühn , Yoon Thelge , Bernd Rosenow

Nowadays, deep learning is the standard approach for a wide range of problems, including biometrics, such as face recognition and speech recognition, etc. Biometric problems often use deep learning models to extract features from images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Pedro Silva , Gladston Moreira , Vander Freitas , Rodrigo Silva , David Menotti , Eduardo Luz

Softmax Loss (SL) is being increasingly adopted for recommender systems (RS) as it has demonstrated better performance, robustness and fairness. Yet in implicit-feedback, a single global temperature and equal treatment of uniformly sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bucher Sahyouni , Matthew Vowels , Liqun Chen , Simon Hadfield

In deep learning, classification tasks are formalized as optimization problems often solved via the minimization of the cross-entropy. However, recent advancements in the design of objective functions allow the usage of the $f$-divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Nicola Novello , Andrea M. Tonello

Deep neural networks are currently among the most commonly used classifiers. Despite easily achieving very good performance, one of the best selling points of these models is their modular design - one can conveniently adapt their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Katarzyna Janocha , Wojciech Marian Czarnecki

Metric learning aims to learn distances from the data, which enhances the performance of similarity-based algorithms. An author style detection task is a metric learning problem, where learning style features with small intra-class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Gayan K. Kulatilleke , Shekhar S. Chandra , Marius Portmann

Submodular function maximization has found a wealth of new applications in machine learning models during the past years. The related supermodular maximization models (submodular minimization) also offer an abundance of applications, but…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Mehrdad Ghadiri , Richard Santiago , Bruce Shepherd

The new ingredient of this paper is that we consider infinitely dimensional classes of functions and instead of the relative error setting, which was used in previous papers on norm discretization, we consider the absolute error setting. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-12-20 Vladimir Temlyakov

Penalty functions are widely used to enforce constraints in optimization problems and reinforcement leaning algorithms. Softplus and algebraic penalty functions are proposed to overcome the sensitivity of the Courant-Beltrami method to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-12 Stefan Meili

Online continual learning is a challenging problem where models must learn from a non-stationary data stream while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. Inter-class imbalance during training has been identified as a major cause of forgetting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Zhehao Huang , Tao Li , Chenhe Yuan , Yingwen Wu , Xiaolin Huang

The extraction of useful deep features is important for many computer vision tasks. Deep features extracted from classification networks have proved to perform well in those tasks. To obtain features of greater usefulness, end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Shota Horiguchi , Daiki Ikami , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Recently, learning discriminative features to improve the recognition performances gradually becomes the primary goal of deep learning, and numerous remarkable works have emerged. In this paper, we propose a novel yet extremely simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Binghui Chen , Weihong Deng , Haifeng Shen

This study presents a comparative analysis of two objective functions, Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Softmax Cross-Entropy (SCE) for neural network classification tasks. While SCE combined with softmax activation is the conventional choice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Kanishka Tyagi , Chinmay Rane , Ketaki Vaidya , Jeshwanth Challgundla , Soumitro Swapan Auddy , Michael Manry