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Speech Language Models (SLMs) have recently emerged as a unified paradigm for addressing a wide range of speech-related tasks, including text-to-speech (TTS), speech enhancement (SE), and automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yiwen Zhao , Jiatong Shi , Jinchuan Tian , Yuxun Tang , Jiarui Hai , Jionghao Han , Shinji Watanabe

End-to-end neural network systems for automatic speech recognition (ASR) are trained from acoustic features to text transcriptions. In contrast to modular ASR systems, which contain separately-trained components for acoustic modeling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Yonatan Belinkov , Ahmed Ali , James Glass

We recently developed SLM, a joint speech and language model, which fuses a pretrained foundational speech model and a large language model (LLM), while preserving the in-context learning capability intrinsic to the pretrained LLM. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Mingqiu Wang , Izhak Shafran , Hagen Soltau , Wei Han , Yuan Cao , Dian Yu , Laurent El Shafey

In this work, we propose a novel method for modeling numerous speakers, which enables expressing the overall characteristics of speakers in detail like a trained multi-speaker model without additional training on the target speaker's…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Jungil Kong , Junmo Lee , Jeongmin Kim , Beomjeong Kim , Jihoon Park , Dohee Kong , Changheon Lee , Sangjin Kim

We introduce SLED, an alternative approach to speech language modeling by encoding speech waveforms into sequences of continuous latent representations and modeling them autoregressively using an energy distance objective. The energy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Zhengrui Ma , Yang Feng , Chenze Shao , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Min Zhang

Generative Spoken Language Modeling research focuses on optimizing speech Language Models (LMs) using raw audio recordings without accessing any textual supervision. Such speech LMs usually operate over discrete units obtained from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Itai Gat , Felix Kreuk , Tu Anh Nguyen , Ann Lee , Jade Copet , Gabriel Synnaeve , Emmanuel Dupoux , Yossi Adi

While mel-spectrograms have been widely utilized as intermediate representations in zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS), their inherent redundancy leads to inefficiency in learning text-speech alignment. Compact VAE-based latent representations…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Zhikang Niu , Shujie Hu , Jeongsoo Choi , Yushen Chen , Peining Chen , Pengcheng Zhu , Yunting Yang , Bowen Zhang , Jian Zhao , Chunhui Wang , Xie Chen

Recent work has shown the feasibility and benefit of bootstrapping an integrated sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) linguistic frontend from a traditional pipeline-based frontend for text-to-speech (TTS). To overcome the fixed lexical coverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Siqi Sun , Korin Richmond

Emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) is challenging due to the multimodal nature of the emotion expression. In this paper, we propose to pretrain a text-based recognition model from unsupervised speech transcripts with LLM guidance.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Soumya Dutta , Sriram Ganapathy

We introduce Spirit LM, a foundation multimodal language model that freely mixes text and speech. Our model is based on a 7B pretrained text language model that we extend to the speech modality by continuously training it on text and speech…

We present mSLAM, a multilingual Speech and LAnguage Model that learns cross-lingual cross-modal representations of speech and text by pre-training jointly on large amounts of unlabeled speech and text in multiple languages. mSLAM combines…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Ankur Bapna , Colin Cherry , Yu Zhang , Ye Jia , Melvin Johnson , Yong Cheng , Simran Khanuja , Jason Riesa , Alexis Conneau

Audio Word2Vec offers vector representations of fixed dimensionality for variable-length audio segments using Sequence-to-sequence Autoencoder (SA). These vector representations are shown to describe the sequential phonetic structures of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Chia-Hao Shen , Janet Y. Sung , Hung-Yi Lee

We present a novel approach to multilingual audio-visual speech recognition tasks by introducing a single model on a multilingual dataset. Motivated by a human cognitive system where humans can intuitively distinguish different languages…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Joanna Hong , Se Jin Park , Yong Man Ro

Benefiting from the development of deep learning, text-to-speech (TTS) techniques using clean speech have achieved significant performance improvements. The data collected from real scenes often contains noise and generally needs to be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Qiushi Zhu , Yu Gu , Rilin Chen , Chao Weng , Yuchen Hu , Lirong Dai , Jie Zhang

We propose a novel text-to-speech (TTS) framework centered around a neural transducer. Our approach divides the whole TTS pipeline into semantic-level sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) modeling and fine-grained acoustic modeling stages,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Minchan Kim , Myeonghun Jeong , Byoung Jin Choi , Semin Kim , Joun Yeop Lee , Nam Soo Kim

Although speech is a simple and effective way for humans to communicate with the outside world, a more realistic speech interaction contains multimodal information, e.g., vision, text. How to design a unified framework to integrate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Qiushi Zhu , Long Zhou , Ziqiang Zhang , Shujie Liu , Binxing Jiao , Jie Zhang , Lirong Dai , Daxin Jiang , Jinyu Li , Furu Wei

Pre-trained models, especially self-supervised learning (SSL) models, have demonstrated impressive results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) task. While most applications of SSL models focus on leveraging continuous representations as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Zehan Li , Yan Yang , Xueqing Li , Jian Kang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Jie Li

End-to-end simultaneous speech translation (SST), which directly translates speech in one language into text in another language in real-time, is useful in many scenarios but has not been fully investigated. In this work, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Xingshan Zeng , Liangyou Li , Qun Liu

This paper focuses on leveraging deep representation learning (DRL) for speech enhancement (SE). In general, the performance of the deep neural network (DNN) is heavily dependent on the learning of data representation. However, the DRL's…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-28 Yang Xiang , Jesper Lisby Højvang , Morten Højfeldt Rasmussen , Mads Græsbøll Christensen

In this paper, we present our first experiments in text-to-articulation prediction, using ultrasound tongue image targets. We extend a traditional (vocoder-based) DNN-TTS framework with predicting PCA-compressed ultrasound images, of which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-13 Tamás Gábor Csapó