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We introduce some classes of increasing labeled and multilabeled trees, and we show that these trees provide combinatorial interpretations for certain Thron-type continued fractions with coefficients that are quasi-affine of period 2. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Veronica Bitonti , Bishal Deb , Alan D. Sokal

Decision trees are powerful tools for classification and regression that attract many researchers working in the burgeoning area of machine learning. One advantage of decision trees over other methods is their interpretability, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Brandon Alston , Hamidreza Validi , Illya V. Hicks

Two subfamilies of Motzkin paths, with the same numbers of up, down, horizontal steps were known to be equinumerous with ternary trees and related objects. We construct a bijection between these two families that does not use any auxiliary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Nancy S. S. Gu , Helmut Prodinger

This paper establishes an analogue of the Robinson--Schensted correspondence for cylindric tableaux. In particular, for any pair of positive integers $(d,L)$, we construct a bijection between permutations that avoid the patterns $d\cdots 1…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Alexander Dobner

In this paper we introduce and study three new measures for efficient discriminative comparison of phylogenetic trees. The NNI navigation dissimilarity $d_{nav}$ counts the steps along a "combing" of the Nearest Neighbor Interchange (NNI)…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-21 Omur Arslan , Dan P. Guralnik , Daniel E. Koditschek

We consider the set of permutations that are sorted after two passes through a pop stack. We characterize these permutations in terms of forbidden patterns (classical and barred) and enumerate them according to the ascent statistic. Then we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Lara Pudwell , Rebecca Smith

Tree trace reconstruction aims to learn the binary node labels of a tree, given independent samples of the tree passed through an appropriately defined deletion channel. In recent work, Davies, R\'acz, and Rashtchian used combinatorial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Tatiana Brailovskaya , Miklós Z. Rácz

Arnol'd proved in 1992 that Springer numbers enumerate the Snakes, which are type $B$ analogs of alternating permutations. Chen, Fan and Jia in 2011 introduced the labeled ballot paths and established a ``hard'' bijection with snakes.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Shaoshi Chen , Yang Li , Zhicong Lin , Sherry H. F. Yan

Tree-child networks are a recently-described class of directed acyclic graphs that have risen to prominence in phylogenetics (the study of evolutionary trees and networks). Although these networks have a number of attractive mathematical…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-10 François Bienvenu , Amaury Lambert , Mike Steel

An evolutionary tree is a cascade of bifurcations starting from a single common root, generating a growing set of daughter species as time goes by. Species here is a general denomination for biological species, spoken languages or any other…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2013-08-26 Paulo Murilo Castro de Oliveira

The enumeration of maps and the study of uniform random maps have been classical topics of combinatorics and statistical physics ever since the seminal work of Tutte in the sixties. Following the bijective approach initiated by Cori and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-06-29 Guillaume Chapuy , Michel Marcus , Gilles Schaeffer

A semiorder is a partially ordered set $P$ with two certain forbidden induced subposets. This paper establishes a bijection between $n$-element semiorders of length $H$ and $(n+1)$-node ordered trees of height $H+1$. This bijection…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-28 Yangzhou Hu

In this paper, we compute the distribution of the first letter statistic on nine avoidance classes of permutations corresponding to two pairs of patterns of length four. In particular, we show that the distribution is the same for each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-12 Toufik Mansour , Mark Shattuck

Recently proposed budding tree is a decision tree algorithm in which every node is part internal node and part leaf. This allows representing every decision tree in a continuous parameter space, and therefore a budding tree can be jointly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Ozan İrsoy , Ethem Alpaydın

This paper presents a bijection between ascent sequences and upper triangular matrices whose non-negative entries are such that all rows and columns contain at least one non-zero entry. We show the equivalence of several natural statistics…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-21 Mark Dukes , Robert Parviainen

We study fragmentation trees of Gibbs type. In the binary case, we identify the most general Gibbs-type fragmentation tree with Aldous' beta-splitting model, which has an extended parameter range $\beta>-2$ with respect to the ${\rm…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-11-14 Peter McCullagh , Jim Pitman , Matthias Winkel

Recently, Jel\'inek conjectured that there exists a bijection between certain restricted permutations and Fishburn matrices such that the bijection verifies the equidistribution of several statistics. The main objective of this paper is to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Dandan Chen , Sherry H. F. Yan , Robin D. P. Zhou

In this note a bijection is constructed between the set of partitions of n simultaneously s-regular and t-distinct, and those simultaneously t-regular and s-distinct. Some implications of the map are discussed. As a generalized version of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-04 William J. Keith

Cambrian trees are oriented and labeled trees which fulfill local conditions around each node generalizing the conditions for classical binary search trees. Based on the bijective correspondence between signed permutations and leveled…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Grégory Chatel , Vincent Pilaud

The purpose of this paper is to analyze certain statistics of a recently introduced non-uniform random tree model, biased recursive trees. This model is based on constructing a random tree by establishing a correspondence with non-uniform…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Ella Hiesmayr , Ümit Işlak